Figure 4.

Microglial exosomes can activate naïve microglia. Based on the previous analysis (Figure 3), which showed large changes in the immune cluster following activation of iPS-Mg with LPS, the effect of iPS-Mg exosomes on naïve iPS-Mg was measured, specifically, the ability of exosomes from LPS activated iPS-Mg to transmit this information to naïve iPS-Mg. The experimental setup for (B,D) is shown in (A,C), respectively. The expression levels of TNF, IL6 and IL1B were determined by qPCR and are shown for Cv iPS-Mg exposed to Cv exosomes (B) and for R47H^het iPS-Mg exposed to R47H exosomes (D). N = 3 separate experiments with one-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, *** p < 0.001.