Figure 2.

In vitro stimulation of CD8⁺ T cells with interleukin-4 (IL-4) alters the T-cell proteome and memory function. A: mass spectrometry of the conditioned media demonstrated that CD8⁺ T cells secreted proteins within the cellular membrane (23%), protein complexes (25%), extracellular space (5%), and immunological synapse (7%) in addition to proteins within the intracellular compartment (40%). B: bubble plot visualizes pathway changes by plotting z score on x-axis and false discovery rate (FDR) q value on y-axis. FDR cut-off of 0.02 was used to determine top pathways within the data sets. Size of bubble is dependent on number of proteins identified within this pathway. Z score was calculated by the following formula: z score = ((upreg-downreg))/√Count, where the count is the total number of differentially expressed genes in the pathway and upreg and downreg is the number of those genes with log fold change values >1.5 and < 1.5, respectively. n = 5/sex/stimulation. C: flow cytometry of cells after stimulation demonstrated that with IL-4 stimulation, there was an upregulation in CD27 expression resulting in a slight shift from effector (CD44⁺CD27⁻) to the memory phenotype (CD44⁺CD27⁺). n = 6/stimulation (all females); flow cytometry data were analyzed by repeated-measures one-way ANOVA with Student–Newman–Keuls posttest. *P < 0.05 vs. unstimulated; #P < 0.05 vs. 10%.