Figure 5.

Increased Nrf2 activity was associated with increased expression of eNOS (A) and reduced levels of ADMA (B) in the treatment (ND-LP) group (n = 7; males n = 3 and females n = 4) compared with normal-diet control (NDC) group (n = 7; males n = 3 and females n = 4). The treatment group demonstrated decreased expression of HIF-1α (C), suggesting decreased hypoxic stress in ischemic myocardium of the treated (ND-LP) group compared with control (NDC), plausibly due to better oxygenation of the ischemic myocardium. Lastly, decreased p-MAPK (D) suggests reduction in proliferative/angiogenic signaling in ischemic myocardium of ND-LP group (n = 6). There was no significant difference between the groups (E) (NDC: n = 6; males n = 3 and females n = 3 and ND-LP: n = 5; males n = 2 females and n = 3) and with respect to phosphorylation of e-NOS in ischemic myocardial lysates. ADMA, asymmetric dimethyl arginine; eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase; HIF-1α, hypoxia inducible factor-1α; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2; p-eNOS, phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase; p-MAPK, phosphorylated mitogen activated protein kinase.