Table 1.
RSPO alterations reported among cancer types.
| Organ | RSPO alteration | References |
|---|---|---|
| Intestine | Gene fusions | |
| EIF3E-RSPO2 | [49–51] | |
| PIEZO1-RSPO2 | [51] | |
| NRIPI-RSPO2 | [52] | |
| PRR15L-RSPO2 | [53] | |
| PTPRK-RSPO3 | [49–52] | |
| Overexpression | ||
| RSPO2 | [49, 50] | |
| RSPO3 | [43, 49, 50] | |
| Stomach | Gene fusions | |
| EMC2-RSPO2 | [67] | |
| HNF4G-RSPO2 | [67] | |
| Overexpression | ||
| RSPO3 | [64] | |
| Breast | Overexpression | |
| RSPO2 | [113] | |
| RSPO3 | [113, 115, 116] | |
| RSPO4 | [113, 116] | |
| Ovary | Overexpression | |
| RSPO1 | [116, 122] | |
| RSPO3 | [116] | |
| Prostate | Gene fusions | |
| GRHL2-RSPO2 | [131] | |
| Overexpression | ||
| RSPO3 | [130] | |
| Downregulation | ||
| RSPO3 | [132] | |
| Liver | Gene fusions | |
| SINE-RSPO2 | [137] | |
| Overexpression | ||
| RSPO2 | [136–138] | |
| Lungs | Gene fusions | |
| EIF3E-RSPO2 | [141] | |
| PTPRK-RSPO3 | [141] | |
| Overexpression | ||
| RSPO3 | [116, 140] | |
| Pancreas | Overexpression | |
| RSPO2 | [116, 142] | |
| Bladder | Overexpression | |
| RSPO3 | [143] |