Table 4.
Multivariable-adjusted associations of hair dye use and characteristics of use with breast tumor clinicopathologic features among Black breast cancer casesa
| Regular hair dye useb | Duration of hair dye useb |
Typical hair dye applicationc |
Typical hair dye shaded |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤10 Years | ≤10 Years | Home Kit | Combination | Medium | Dark | ||
|
|
|||||||
| Tumor feature | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
|
| |||||||
| Tumor grade | |||||||
| Well differentiated | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Moderately differentiated | 1.02 (0.75–1.40) | 0.92 (0.65–1.31) | 1.29 (0.78–2.13) | 1.64 (0.83–3.24) | 1.66 (0.83–3.36) | 1.20 (0.58–2.48) | 1.08 (0.56–2.08) |
| Poorly differentiated | 1.03 (0.76–1.41) | 0.85 (0.60–1.21) | 1.58 (0.95–2.62) | 2.22 (1.10–4.44) | 2.46 (1.21–5.00) | 0.74 (0.36–1.52) | 0.75 (0.39–1.42) |
| Ptrend = 0.94 | Ptrend = 0.73 | Ptrend = 0.70 | Ptrend = 0.40 | Ptrend = 0.38 | Ptrend = 0.68 | Ptrend = 0.83 | |
| Tumor size | |||||||
| <1.0 cm | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| 1.0–2.0 cm | 1.06 (0.86–1.31) | 1.05 (0.83–1.33) | 1.07 (0.77–1.48) | 1.41 (0.86–2.31) | 1.40 (0.86–2.29) | 1.22 (0.74–2.00) | 0.89 (0.57–1.38) |
| >2.0 cm | 0.75 (0.60–0.94) | 0.69 (0.53–0.89)* | 0.91 (0.65–1.28) | 1.08 (0.64–1.83) | 0.95 (0.55–1.63) | 0.92 (0.55–1.56) | 0.77 (0.48–1.22) |
| Ptrend = 0.64 | Ptrend = 0.66 | Ptrend = 0.79 | Ptrend = 0.36 | Ptrend = 0.32 | Ptrend = 0.62 | Ptrend = 0.74 | |
| ER status | |||||||
| Negative | 0.94 (0.77–1.16) | 0.97 (0.76–1.23) | 0.91 (0.65–1.25) | 0.77 (0.48–1.24) | 0.62 (0.39–1.00) | 0.64 (0.40–1.01) | 0.59 (0.39–0.90) |
| Positive | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Ptrend = 0.81 | Ptrend = 0.29 | ||||||
| HER2 status | |||||||
| Negative | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Positive | 1.18 (0.93–1.50) | 1.34 (1.02–1.75) | 0.86 (0.57–1.27) | 0.82 (0.48–1.43) | 0.98 (0.57–1.70) | 1.21 (0.69–2.15) | 1.07 (0.66–1.77) |
| Ptrend = 0.026 | Ptrend = 0.28 | ||||||
| Lymph node status | |||||||
| Negative | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Positive | 0.92 (0.74–1.14) | 1.02 (0.79–1.30) | 0.72 (0.50–1.02) | 1.11 (0.66–1.89) | 0.88 (0.51–1.49) | 1.04 (0.64–1.69) | 0.79 (0.50–1.23) |
| Ptrend = 0.92 | Ptrend = 0.016 | ||||||
| Tumor subtype | |||||||
| Luminal A | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| HER2-positive | 1.19 (0.92–1.53) | 1.35 (1.02–1.80) | 0.87 (0.57–1.31) | 0.72 (0.40–1.30) | 0.79 (0.44–1.42) | 1.03 (0.56–1.87) | 0.88 (0.52–1.49) |
| Triple-negative | 0.98 (0.76–1.27) | 1.02 (0.76–1.37) | 0.92 (0.62–1.36) | 0.78 (0.44–1.38) | 0.48 (0.26–0.89) | 0.61 (0.34–1.10) | 0.63 (0.38–1.05) |
| Ptrend = 0.057 | Ptrend = 0.31 | ||||||
a
The multivariable-adjusted model included the following covariates: 1) family history of breast cancer, 2) oral contraceptive use, 3) education, 4) BMI, 5) age and 6) mode of detection.
b
Never-users of hair dye composed the referent group.
c
Those reporting salon application as the typical application of hair dyes composed the referent group.
d
Those reporting typical use of light hair dye shades composed the referent group.