Table 5.
Multivariable-adjusted associations of hair dye use and characteristics of use with breast tumor clinicopathologic features among White breast cancer casesa
| Regular hair dye useb | Duration of hair dye usec |
Typical hair dye applicationc |
Typical hair dye shaded |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤10 Years | >10 Years | Home Kit | Combination | Medium | Dark | ||
|
|
|||||||
| Tumor feature | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
|
| |||||||
| Tumor grade | |||||||
| Well differentiated | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Moderately differentiated | 1.02 (0.66–1.59) | 0.86 (0.51–1.44) | 1.26 (0.73–2.15) | 1.10 (0.59–2.08) | 1.64 (0.78–3.46) | 0.84 (0.44–1.61) | 0.52 (0.26–1.05) |
| Poorly differentiated | 1.11 (0.68–1.77) | 0.97 (0.56–1.69) | 1.23 (0.69–2.19) | 0.90 (0.45–1.81) | 2.05 (0.94–4.47) | 1.27 (0.64–2.50) | 0.51 (0.24–1.10) |
| Ptrend = 0.91 | Ptrend = 0.83 | Ptrend = 0.69 | Ptrend = 0.65 | Ptrend = 0.36 | Ptrend = 0.74 | Ptrend = 0.10 | |
| Tumor size | |||||||
| <1.0 cm | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| 1.0–2.0 cm | 1.14 (0.81–1.62) | 1.35 (0.91–2.02) | 0.95 (0.62–1.46) | 1.34 (0.81–2.22) | 1.44 (0.82–2.50) | 0.76 (0.47–1.23) | 1.09 (0.62–1.93) |
| >2.0 cm | 1.36 (0.87–2.12) | 1.36 (0.81–2.29) | 1.27 (0.76–2.13) | 1.13 (0.58–2.18) | 1.43 (0.73–2.84) | 0.95 (0.53–1.72) | 1.35 (0.66–2.76) |
| Ptrend = 0.39 | Ptrend = 0.15 | Ptrend = 0.98 | Ptrend = 0.31 | Ptrend = 0.16 | Ptrend = 0.35 | Ptrend = 0.74 | |
| ER status | |||||||
| Negative | 1.04 (0.69–1.58) | 1.08 (0.67–1.74) | 0.97 (0.58–1.61) | 0.74 (0.39–1.40) | 0.95 (0.49–1.81) | 1.33 (0.73–2.44) | 1.44 (0.72–2.87) |
| Positive | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Ptrend = 0.79 | Ptrend = 0.76 | ||||||
| HER2 status | |||||||
| Negative | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Positive | 0.87 (0.56–1.37) | 1.00 (0.59–1.66) | 0.64 (0.36–1.13) | 1.30 (0.63–2.71) | 1.18 (0.54–2.54) | 0.96 (0.50–1.87) | 0.75 (0.32–1.67) |
| Ptrend = 0.79 | Ptrend = 0.049 | ||||||
| Lymph node status | |||||||
| Negative | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| Positive | 0.62 (0.41–0.94) | 0.79 (0.49–1.26) | 0.46 (0.27–0.79)* | 1.18 (0.60–2.29) | 0.56 (0.26–1.18) | 1.52 (0.83–2.79) | 0.81 (0.36–1.74) |
| Ptrend = 0.47 | Ptrend = 0.0024 | ||||||
| Tumor subtype | |||||||
| Luminal A | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) | 1.00 (REF) |
| HER2-positive | 0.92 (0.57–1.49) | 1.09 (0.64–1.87) | 0.66 (0.36–1.21) | 1.12 (0.51–2.43) | 1.26 (0.57–2.80) | 0.92 (0.46–1.85) | 0.64 (0.27–1.49) |
| Triple-negative | 1.05 (0.58–1.90) | 1.12 (0.57–2.1) | 1.04 (0.50–2.15) | 0.63 (0.25–1.59) | 1.06 (0.43–2.58) | 1.47 (0.65–3.33) | 0.70 (0.24–2.07) |
| Ptrend = 0.97 | Ptrend = 0.064 | ||||||
a
The multivariable-adjusted model included the following covariates: 1) family history of breast cancer, 2) oral contraceptive use, 3) education, 4) BMI, 5) age and 6) mode of detection.
b
Never-users of hair dye composed the referent group.
c
Those reporting salon application as the typical application of hair dyes composed the referent group.
d
Those reporting typical use of light hair dye shades composed the referent group.
*
Significant after correction for multiple comparisons (Bonferroni correction, P <0.01).