Table 2.

Annotation errors of the 2nd observer and the prediction errors of the best-performing network (SHN), both of which are measured against the gold standard (1st observer). All the errors calculated are reported in mm

Metric		Absolute error ($\mathit{\mu }\pm \mathit{\sigma }$)
		Interobserver	Network
Point-to-point absolute error (mm)	RG	4.73 ± 2.93	3.23 ± 2.59
	LG	3.85 ± 2.83	3.21 ± 2.31
	SB	1.20 ± 1.36	1.43 ± 1.26
	IB	1.58 ± 1.35	1.60 ± 1.52
	RC	1.08 ± 0.87	0.99 ± 0.75
	LC	1.44 ± 1.27	1.13 ± 0.92
	RCP	2.09 ± 2.28	1.40 ± 1.49
	LCP	2.35 ± 2.35	1.55 ± 1.65
Point-to-curve (mm)	PT2CRV	0.20 ± 0.09	0.21 ± 0.23
Angles absolute error (degrees)	a1 (chin angle)	2.57 ± 1.68	1.45 ± 1.42
	a2 (mandibular angle) (${}^{(a)}$)	0.81 ± 0.71	0.81 ± 0.62
	a3 (coronoid–condylar angle) (${}^{(a)}$)	1.95 ± 1.49	1.27 ± 1.09
Linear distances absolute error (mm)	d1 (diagonal length) (${}^{(a)}$)	3.29 ± 2.24	2.24 ± 1.78
	d2 (ramus length) (${}^{(a)}$)	3.69 ± 2.40	2.19 ± 1.85
	d3 (coronoid–gonion)	2.17 ± 1.83	1.39 ± 1.39
	d4 (bicondylar breadth)	1.37 ± 1.30	1.28 ± 1.09
	d5 (bigonial breadth)	4.60 ± 3.29	3.43 ± 1.60
	d6 (condyle-angle height) (${}^{(a)}$)	3.50 ± 2.27	2.06 ± 1.79
	d7 (angle-gnathion height) (${}^{(a)}$)	3.22 ± 2.13	1.91 ± 1.77
	d8 (chin height)	0.92 ± 0.89	0.70 ± 0.74
Mask overlapping	DSC	0.98 ± 0.01	0.99 ± 0.00

(a) Average on right and left sides