Fig. 5. Tuning transient asymmetry by enzyme lateral diffusivity varies motion dynamics.

a Stochastic simulation predicts that MSD increases with decreasing enzyme diffusivity. b, c Representative MSD curves and trajectories of non-crosslinked mCAT-coacervates (diameter ~3.6 µm) with no hydrogen peroxide (no fuel), 10 mM peroxide (non-crosslinked), and crosslinked mCAT-coacervates with 10 mM hydrogen peroxide, respectively. MSD curves with error bars (mean ± SEM) are available in Supplementary Fig. 15. d Schematic illustration of transient asymmetry slowed down by crosslinking, leading to faster propulsion. e FRAP measurements confirmed decreased lateral diffusivity of mCAT after crosslinking, with no significant recovery in the bleached area even 100 s after bleaching (green: Cy5-mCAT). Scale bar represents 2 µm. f The fluorescence recovery curve shows only a slight recovery in intensity, indicating that crosslinked mCAT clusters diffuse much more slowly compared to non-crosslinked mCAT. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Three individual batches of coacervates were prepared for FRAP measurements.