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. 2021 Jul 12;19(2):1473–1481. doi: 10.1007/s40201-021-00702-0

Table. 2.

Relationship between sleep disorders and other variables, including exposure to second-hand smoke and wealth index, OR (95   % CI for OR)

Model 1a Model 2b
Smoking status
 Unexposed Ref Ref
 Secondhand 1.29 (0.91,1.83) 1.27 (0.88,1.84)
 Mild active 1.70 (1.37,2.10)c 1.40 (1.10,1.78)c
 Moderate active 1.32 (0.80,2.16) 0.87 (0.51,1.49)
 Severe active 3.60 (2.44,5.30)c 1.78 (1.40,2.74)c
Sex
 Female Ref Ref
 Male 2.68 (2.20,3.27)c 2.65 (2.07,3.38)c
 Age, year 1.03 (1.02,1.05)c 1.04 (1.02,1.05)c
Marital Status
 Married Ref Ref
 Single 0.77 (0.60,1.00) 1.21 (0.91,1.61)
 Divorced or Widowed 1.85 (1.11,3.08)c 1.96 (1.12,3.40)c
Wealth index
 Highest (richest) Ref Ref
 High 0.92 (0.68,1.24) 0.98 (0.71,1.35)
 Middle 1.76 (0.87,1.58) 1.05 (0.76,1.45)
 Low 1.42 (1.05,1.91)c 1.14 (0.88,1.59)
 Lowest (poorest) 1.33 (0.98,1.79) 1.01 (0.69,1.46)
Education Level
 MSc, Ph.D., Post Doc Ref Ref
 Illiterate or Primary 0.72 (0.43,1.21) 0.34 (0.18,0.63)
 Intermediate 2.05 (1.27,3.29)c 1.11 (0.64,1.94)
 Diploma 1.94 (1.46,2.57)c 1.20 (0.84,1.70)
 Upper Diploma 1.15 (0.80,1.65) 0.94 (0.63,1.40)
 Bachelor of Science 0.89 (0.71,1.13) 0.87 (0.68,1.13)

aunivariate analysis

bmultiple (adjusted) analysis

cBold indicates p-value < 0.05