Table. 4.
crude and adjusted association between Quality of life and determining factors
| Social relationships | Environment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | Model 2b | Model 1a | Model 2b | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Unexposed | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Secondhand | -0.24 (-0.67 to 0.18) | 0.04 (-0.37 to 0.44) | -0.34 (-0.72 to 0.04) | -0.09 (-0.44 to 0.26) |
| Mild active | -0.39 (-0.65 to -0.13)c | -0.35 (-0.62 to -0.09)c | -0.48 (-0.71 to -0.24)c | -0.47 (-0.70 to -0.24)c |
| Moderate active | 0.25 (-0.35 to 0.87) | 0.14 (-0.45 to 0.74) | -0.59 (-1.14 to -0.04)c | -0.72 (-1.22 to -0.19)c |
| Severe active | -0.56 (-1.02 to -0.10)c | -0.41 (-0.89 to -0.06)c | -0.95 (-1.35 to -0.54)c | -0.69 (-1.08 to -0.26)c |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Male | 0.15 (-0.09 to 0.39)c | 0.03 (-0.24 to 0.29)c | -0.38 (-0.60 to -0.16)c | 0.05 (-0.18 to 0.28)c |
| Age | 0.01 (-0.01 to 0.02) | -0.01 (-0.02 to 0.01) | -0.01 (-0.02 to 0.1) | -0.01 (-0.02 to 0.01) |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Married | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Single | -0.75 (-1.01 to -0.43)c | -0.86 (-1.18 to -0.55)c | 0.26 (-0.02 to 0.55) | 0.02 (-0.24 to 0.30) |
| Divorced or Widowed | -0.90 (-1.5 to -0.28)c | -0.44 (-1.07 to 0.18)c | -0.45 (-1.17 to 0.11) | -0.06 (-0.60 to 0.47) |
| Wealth index | ||||
| Highest (richest) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| High | -0.12 (-0.48 to 0.25) | -0.07 (-0.41 to 0.28) | -0.54 (-0.85 to -0.23)c | -0.51 (-0.81 to -0.20)c |
| Middle | -0.31 (-0.67 to 0.05) | -0.18 (-0.54 to 0.17)c | -1.10 (-1.41 to -0.79)c | -1.00 (-1.31 to -0.69)c |
| Low | -0.55 (-0.92 to -0.18)c | -0.37 (-0.75 to -0.07)c | -1.44 (-1.75 to -1.12)c | -1.23 (-1.55 to -0.91)c |
| Lowest (poorest) | -0.66 (-1.04 to0.30) | -0.48 (-0.88 to -0.06)c | -2.31 (-2.62 to -1.99)c | -2.01 (-2.37 to -1.66)c |
| Education Level | ||||
| MSc, Ph.D., Post Doc | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Illiterate or Primary | -0.39 (-1.01 to 0.22) | 0.01 (-0.65 to 0.66) | -2.39 (-2.93 to -1.85)c | -0.90 (-1.47 to -0.33)c |
| Intermediate | -0.22 (-0.81 to 0.38) | 0.19 (-0.42 to 0.79) | -1.49 (-2.01 to -0.98)c | -0.11 (-0.64 to 0.41) |
| Diploma | -0.39 (-0.74 to -0.03)c | -0.07 (-0.46 to 0.31) | -0.94 (-1.25 to -0.63)c | 0.10 (-0.23 to 0.43) |
| Upper Diploma | 0.03 (-0.42 to 0.48) | 0.25 (-0.19 to 0.69) | -0.78 (-1.17 to -0.38)c | -0.06 (-0.44 to 0.32) |
| Bachelor of Science | -0.02 (-0.31 to 0.26) | 0.11 (-0.17 to 0.39) | -0.56 (-0.80 to -0.30)c | -0.16 (-0.40 to 0.08) |
a: The effect of each independent variable on the mean score of Quality of life (univariate analysis)
b: The effect of each variable, by adjusting the effect of other variables on the mean score of Quality of life (multiple analysis)
c: Bold indicates p-value <; 0.05