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. 2021 Nov 25;12:6869. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27244-1

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a The purification and functional assay of human and chicken LPCAT3. Blue and red curves show the size-exclusion chromatography profiles of the chicken and human LPCAT3 protein, respectively. The left inset shows the SDS-PAGE analysis on the fractions collected from the size-exclusion chromatography. The right inset shows the TLC assay on the enzymatic activities of the fractions. The experiment has been repeated three times with success. b Cartoon representation of cLPCAT3 monomer topology. The TM helices 1–11, N-terminal helix NH, membrane-embedded helices a-f, the cytoplasmic helix CH, and the lumenal helix LH were colored according to the same scheme as in (c). The cell membrane was shown as steel gray block and the orientation labeled according to the calculation using PPM server (https://opm.phar.umich.edu/ppm_server). c Left: the cLPCAT3 molecular model viewed parallel to the ER membrane; Right: the cLPCAT3 molecular model viewed from the lumen side of the ER membrane. d The T-shape chamber of cLPCAT3. The internal cavity within cLPCAT3 as determined by program HOLLOW was shown as surface in golden and the cLPCAT3 was shown as the cartoon model, with the lateral gate-forming helices TM1 and TM6 in red and blue, respectively. e A close view of the T-shape chamber. All structure graphs in this and the following figures were generated with PyMOL (The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 1.9 Schrödinger, LLC.) and UCSF ChimeraX (The UCSF Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics, version 1.2).