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. 2021 Nov 18;13(11):1951. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111951

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Mechanism of chemotherapy or gene therapy synergistic with PDT to enhance the antitumor effect. (A) Diagrammatic illustration of the mechanism of PDT-mediated controlled release of chemotherapy drugs. ROS produced by irradiation can oxidize unsaturated lipids and accelerate the release of chemotherapeutic drugs from porphyrin-phospholipid liposomes. (B) Diagrammatic illustration of the mechanism of photochemical internalization (PCI)-mediated endosome escape of nucleic acid drugs. When a photosensitizer is activated by an exogenous light, ROS can be produced rapidly in a short time, destroy the membrane of the intracellular body and release therapeutic genes in the cytoplasm.