Table 2.

Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of the study group (n = 131), taking into account measurement changes before and after caloric restriction, by chronotype; Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The values of the results in the study are given as a median (minimum–maximum). BMI (Body Mass Index), HOMA-IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance), HbA1c (Glycated Haemoglobin), CRP (C Reactive Protein).

The Obese (n = 131) before and after Caloric Restriction, Broken Down by Chronotype
Parameter	Morning Type before (M1) n = 98	Evening Type before (E1) n = 33	Morning Type after (M2) n = 98	Evening Type after (E2) n = 33	M1 vs. M2 p	E1 vs. E2 p	Δ (%) Morning Type	Δ (%) Evening Type	Δ (%) Morning Type vs. Δ (%) Evening Type p
Body weight, kg	115.8 (75.0–205.0)	113.0 (89.2–194.0)	115.2 (78.5–192.3)	110.9 (81.8–187.6)	<0.001	<0.001	3.4	4.1	0.4486
BMI, kg/m2	40.5 (30.1–63.3)	38.5 (30.5–73.0)	39.9 (29.0–59.4)	38.4 (30.4–70.6)	<0.001	<0.001	3.25	4.0	0.3298
Fat tissue, %	41.7 (25.8–51.0)	43.6 (27.1–51.1)	40.9 (21.3–50.1)	41.8 (24.5–51.4)	<0.001	0.0019	2.6	3.1	0.0224
Visceral fat, kg	16.0 (5.0–43.0)	14.0 (10.0–45.0)	14.0 (4.0–39.0)	13.0 (10.0–44.0)	<0.001	0.0033	6.7	7.1	0.7605
sRAGE serum, pg/mL	371.8 (70.4–1259.0)	394.1 (194.3–1295.0)	389.7 (74.5–1011.0)	533.9 (82.0–1343.0)	0.8078	0.2652	0.85	5.7	0.6779
Glucose, mg/dl	101.0 (79.0–308.0)	103.0 (79.0–290.0)	101.0 (82.0–203.0)	105.0 (78.0–253.0)	0.3972	0.3203	0.0	2.1	0.7438
Insulin, μU/L	18.6 (4.7–79.6)	17.1 (7.6–45.3)	13.9 (1.3–78.0)	12.7 (7.3–43.8)	0.1249	0.2845	7.8	8.0	0.6749
HOMA-IR	4.5 (1.2–25.2)	4.3 (1.8–11.4)	3.0 (0.0–50.4)	2.5 (0.0–10.4)	0.0591	0.0107	5.9	9.7	0.4370
HbA1c, %	5.8 (4.4–9.80	5.7 (4.8–9.6)	5.4 (4.4–16.0)	5.5 (4.7–8.8)	0.0047	0.0712	4.3	5.7	0.8387
CRP, mg/L	5.0 (0.5–22.5)	3.7 (0.5–13.4)	3.1 (0.5–35.2)	3.9 (0.5–11.3)	0.0039	0.3507	30	24.3	0.9183