Alteration of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors TIMPs in the secretome and corresponding transcriptome of human cardiac fibroblasts. (A) Fold change and p-value are displayed in the volcano plot to visualize significantly regulated genes after TNF-α treatment. Genes assigned as MMPs or TIMPs are highlighted in green. Significantly regulated MMPs or TIMPs were not detected, although MMP3 and MMP12 exhibited a high fold change. (B) Fold change and p-value are displayed in the volcano plot to visualize significantly regulated genes after TGF-β treatment. Genes assigned as MMPs or TIMPs are highlighted in green. A significant regulation (p < 0.05) was only observed for TIMP2. (C) Alterations of selected molecules after TNF-α (orange) or TGF-β (purple) treatment on gene expression and protein level are shown. For gene expression TaqMan analysis results (dots) and for proteins, mass spectrometry-derived intensities (squares) are displayed. After TGF-β treatment, TIMP2 was increased in each sample but did not reach significance on gene expression level and was significantly increased in the secretome. For statistical comparisons, either ratio paired t-test (gene expression data) or paired t-test (log10 protein data) was used as appropriate. Statistically significant results (p < 0.05) are highlighted in bold. ns, not significant; w/o, untreated controls.