Table 4.

Monosaccharide and amino acid profiles of red pitaya.

Name	Chemical Structure	Molecular Formula	Molecular Mass (g/mol)	Composition	References
Monosaccharide
Mannose		C6H12O6	180.16	17.78 ± 1.07%	[58]
Rhamnose		C6H12O5	164.16	14.47 ± 0.39%	[62]
Galacturonic acid		C6H10O7	194.14	39.11 ± 1.87%	[58]
Glucose		C6H18O6	180.16	10.82 ± 0.44%	[58]
Galactose		C6H12O6	180.16	11.91 ± 0.48%	[58]
Xylose		C5H10O5	150.13	2.41 ± 0.02%	[58]
Arabinose		C5H10O5	150.13	3.49 ± 0.07%	[62]
Fructose		C6H20O6	180.16	1.10–4.30 g/100 g	[52]
Sorbose		C6H12O6	180.16	1.87 mg/100 g	[49]
Arabino-furanose		C5H10O5	150.13	0.75 mg/100 g	[49]
Maltose		C12H22O11	342.30	1.02 mg/100 g	[49]
Amino Acids
Histidine		C6H9N3O2	155.15	36.3 ± 3.0 mg/g	[23]
Leucine		C6H13NO2	131.17	38.1 ± 1.4 mg/g	[23]
Lysine		C6H14N2O2	146.19	72.8 ± 2.4 mg/g	[23]
Methionine		C5H11NO2S	149.21	30.6 ± 3.9 mg/g	[23]
Cystine		C6H12N2O4S2	240.30	1.66 ± 0.2 mg/g	[23]
phenylalanine		C9H11NO2	165.19	183 ± 4.1 mg/g	[23]
Tyrosine		C9H11NO3	181.19	65.5 ± 2.2 mg/g	[63]
Tryptophan		C11H12N2O2	204.23	0.055 ± 0.01 mg/g	[23]
Valine		C5H11NO2	117.15	32.5 ± 0.6 mg/g	[23]
Glycine		C2H6NO2	75.07	0.259 ± 0.03 mg/g	[23]
Alanine		C3H7NO2	89.09	35.4 ± 1.3 mg/g	[23]
Serine		C3H7NO3	105.09	42.0 ± 8.5 mg/g	[49]
Proline		C5H9NO2	115.13	83.1 ± 4.8 mg/g	[49]
Threonine		C4H9NO3	119.12	28.2 ± 2.0 mg/g	[23]
Asparagine		C4H8N2O3	132.12	6.60 ± 1.3 mg/g	[23]
Aspartic acid		C4H7NO4	133.11	47.8 ± 6.4 mg/g	[23,49]
Glutamic acid		C5H9NO4	147.13	127 ± 4.6 mg/g	[23,49]
Arginine		C6H14N4O2	174.2	149 ± 3.8 mg/g	[23,49]