Table 2.
Comparison between GCF cytokines and the smoking status.
| Cytokines Median (Min-Max) | Site/Ratio | Tobacco (N = 11) | No Tobacco (N = 13) | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-10 | Healthy | 4.76 (1.7–5.9) | 4.95 (3.2–6.3) | >0.05 |
| Diseased | 5.93 (4.8–15.1) | 6.71 (4.4–9.1) | >0.05 | |
| D/H ratio | 1.61 (1–4.7) | 1.29 (0.9–2.1) | >0.05 | |
| IL-17A | Healthy | 1.02 (0.2–2) | 1.12 (0.4–2.3) | >0.05 |
| Diseased | 1.31 (0.8–3.2) | 1.71 (1–4.8) | >0.05 | |
| D/H ratio | 1.41 (0.7–5.5) | 1.90 (1–11.4) | >0.05 | |
| IL-1β | Healthy | 193.4 (5.1–673.9) | 62.09 (3.3–449.5) | <0.05 |
| Diseased | 679.94 (322.7–911.8) | 382.75 (122.9–836.9) | <0.05 | |
| D/H ratio | 3.52 (0.7–179.1) | 6.28 (1.2–79.9) | >0.05 | |
| IL-4 | Healthy | 2.74 (2.4–3.8) | 2.40 (2.4–3.8) | >0.05 |
| Diseased | 3.09 (3–4.5) | 3.09 (2.4–9.5) | >0.05 | |
| D/H ratio | 1.28 (0.8–1.5) | 1.29 (1–3.9) | >0.05 | |
| IL-6 | Healthy | 1.76 (0.7–6.4) | 3.52 (0.6–40.1) | >0.05 |
| Diseased | 2.4 (0.6–15.6) | 2 (0.9–36.6) | >0.05 | |
| D/H ratio | 0.87 (0.2–21.4) | 0.65 (0.3–3.9) | >0.05 | |
| TNF-Alpha | Healthy | 2.91 (1.3–10.4) | 4.90 (2.2–25.7) | <0.05 |
| Diseased | 1.46 (2.1–15.7) | 6.31 (1.3–27.6) | >0.05 | |
| D/H ratio | 1.80 (0.3–6.7) | 0.64 (0.2–7.1) | >0.05 |
GCF: Gingival crevicular fluid GCF.