Table 4.
Multiple linear regression analysis of total fluid consumption (g/d) and dietary sodium intake (390 mg/d)/salt intake (1 g/d) among all participants a,b.
| Sodium | Salt | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | p | β | 95% CI | p | ||
| All (n = 3955) | |||||||
| Model 1 c | −0.20 | (−2.45, 2.05) | 0.859 | −4.92 | (−8.17, −1.67) | 0.003 | |
| Model 2 c | −0.51 | (−2.79, 1.76) | 0.659 | −4.01 | (−7.30, −0.72) | 0.017 | |
| Model 3 c | −0.47 | (−2.74, 1.81) | 0.688 | −4.07 | (−7.36, −0.78) | 0.015 | |
| Stratified by grades | |||||||
| Model 1 | Grade 1–5 (6–10 y) | 2.49 | (−0.98, 5.95) | 0.160 | −2.11 | (−6.81, 2.59) | 0.379 |
| Grade 6–9 (11–14 y) | 1.27 | (−3.02, 5.57) | 0.560 | −1.72 | (−7.49, 4.04) | 0.557 | |
| Grade 10–12 (15–17 y) | −3.56 | (−7.71, 0.58) | 0.092 | −8.93 | (−15.66, −2.21) | 0.009 | |
| Model 2 | Grade 1–5 (6–10 y) | 3.65 | (0.07, 7.24) | 0.046 | −0.33 | (−5.27, 4.61) | 0.895 |
| Grade 6–9 (11–14 y) | 1.62 | (−2.75, 5.99) | 0.467 | −0.80 | (−6.67, 5.08) | 0.791 | |
| Grade 10–12 (15–17 y) | −4.93 | (−9.12, −0.74) | 0.021 | −9.52 | (−16.27, −2.76) | 0.006 | |
| Model 3 | Grade 1–5 (6–10 y) | 3.53 | (−0.06, 7.12) | 0.054 | −0.49 | (−5.43, 4.44) | 0.844 |
| Grade 6–9 (11–14 y) | 1.47 | (−2.91, 5.86) | 0.510 | −0.98 | (−6.86, 4.91) | 0.745 | |
| Grade 10–12 (15–17 y) | −4.78 | (−8.98, −0.59) | 0.026 | −9.56 | (−16.31, −2.81) | 0.006 | |
| Stratified by puberty status | |||||||
| Model 1 | Entered puberty | −2.10 | (−5.71, 1.51) | 0.254 | −8.16 | (−13.66, −2.67) | 0.004 |
| Not entered puberty | 0.72 | (−2.22, 3.66) | 0.631 | −3.15 | (−7.18, 0.87) | 0.124 | |
| Model 2 | Entered puberty | −3.18 | (−6.83, 0.48) | 0.089 | −7.57 | (−13.10, −2.04) | 0.007 |
| Not entered puberty | 1.15 | (−1.82, 4.13) | 0.447 | −1.79 | (−5.90, 2.32) | 0.393 | |
| Model 3 | Entered puberty | −3.02 | (−6.68, 0.64) | 0.105 | −7.70 | (−13.23, −2.18) | 0.006 |
| Not entered puberty | 1.10 | (−1.87, 4.08) | 0.468 | −1.85 | (−5.96, 2.26) | 0.377 | |
| Stratified by sex | |||||||
| Model 1 | Boys | −2.09 | (−5.56, 1.39) | 0.239 | −8.22 | (−13.12, −3.31) | 0.001 |
| Girls | 1.09 | (−1.77, 3.95) | 0.454 | −2.21 | (−6.44, 2.02) | 0.305 | |
| Model 2 | Boys | −2.99 | (−6.49, 0.51) | 0.094 | −7.72 | (−12.68, −2.76) | 0.002 |
| Girls | 1.25 | (−1.67, 4.18) | 0.400 | −0.91 | (−5.20, 3.39) | 0.679 | |
| Model 3 | Boys | −2.87 | (−6.37, 0.62) | 0.107 | −7.77 | (−12.72, −2.81) | 0.002 |
| Girls | 1.29 | (−1.63, 4.21) | 0.388 | −0.93 | (−5.22, 3.37) | 0.672 | |
a In all models, total fluid consumption was treated as the independent variable and the sodium or salt intake was treated as the dependent variable. b β represents the partial correlation coefficients in the model, which means the amount of total fluid consumed for each additional 390 mg sodium or 1 g salt intake. c Model 1: Adjusted by age and sex; Model 2: Model 1 further adjusted by yearly household income (categorical variable) and maternal education (continuous variable); Model 3: Model 2 further adjusted by intentional physical exercise (categorical variable) and number of instances of eating out last week (categorical variable).