AAR	amino acid response
AARE	amino acid response element
AID/APOBEC proteins	activation-induced cytidine deaminase/apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme complex
ACC	acetyl-CoA carboxylase
AP-1	activator protein 1
ATF4	activating transcription factor 4
BANCR	BRAF-Activated Non-Protein Coding RNA
bHLH	Zip-basic-helix–loop–helix–leucine zipper
CAC	colitis-associated cancer
C/EBP	enhancer-binding protein
ChoRE	carbohydrate response element motifs
ChREBP	carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
DHA	docosahexaenoic acid
DNA-BER	DNA-Base Excision Repair
DNMT	DNA methyltransferase
EGCG	Epigallocatechin-3-gallate
eIF2	eukaryotic initiation factor 2
EPA	eicosapentaenoic acid
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
FAs	fatty acids
FAS	fatty acid synthase
FASKOL	fatty acid synthase knockout in liver
FOXP3	forkhead box P3
FPP	farnesyl-diphosphate
FXR	farnesoid X receptor
GCN2	general control nonderepressible 2
GI barrier	gastrointestinal barrier
HAT	histone acetylase
HDAC	histone deacetylase
HDM	histone demethylases
HMG-CoA	3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA
HMT	methyltransferases
HNF	4-hepatic nuclear factor
IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
LDL	low-density lipoproteins
LDLRAP1	low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1
lncRNAs	long non-coding RNAs
LXR	liver X receptor
MBD proteins	methyl-CpG binding proteins
mRNA	messenger RNA
miRNA	microRNA
MTHFR	methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
MTRR	methionine synthase reductase
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NSRE	nutrient-sensing response elements
PKC	protein Kinase C
PPAR	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PUFA	polyunsaturated fatty acids
RXR	retinoid X receptor
SAM	S-adenosyl-methionine
SAH	S-adenosylhomocysteine
SIDT1	defective-1 transmembrane family member 1
SIRT	sirtuin
SNP	single-nucleotide polymorphism
SREBP	sterol regulatory element-binding proteins
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
Tet	ten-eleven translocation enzymes
TL	telomere length
TRAIL	TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
Tregs	regulatory T cells
TFs	transcription factors
TR	thyroid hormone receptor
UHRF proteins	ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING finger domain protein
5hmC	5-hydroxymethylcytosine
5mC	5-methyl cytosine