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. 2021 Nov 19;7(11):987. doi: 10.3390/jof7110987

Table 2.

The summary of data extracted from eligible articles. Abbreviations: Wt (Wildtype), AMP (Adenosine Monophosphate), IMP (Inosine monophosphate), GMP (Guanosine monophosphate), CMP (Cytidine monophosphate), UMP (uridine monophosphate) (>) indicates high levels of metabolites seen in one group in contrast to the other. (<) indicates, low levels of metabolites observed in one group in comparison to the other. (=) indicates comparable levels of metabolites demonstrated in both groups.

Reference Metabolite of Interest Notable Findings
[48] 5′AMP, 5′IMP, 5′GMP, 5′CMP, 5′UMP, adenosine, inosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine, adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uracil, cytosine, sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (S7P), sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (SBP) Carbon Starvation
  • Nucleosides, nucleobases (ratio of metabolite levels in deleted/Wt strain)

Wt > atg7Δ (steady increase in inosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uracil levels in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt > bcyΔ (steady increase in adenosine, inosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uracil levels in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt > snfΔ (steady increase in adenosine, inosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uracil levels in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt > pnp1Δ (steady increase in hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, and uracil levels in Wildtype than pnp1Δ)
Wt > urh1Δ (steady increase in hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, and uracil in Wildtype than urh1Δ
  • Ribose-5-Phosphate and Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (S7P) and Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (SBP) species (ratio of metabolite levels in deleted/Wt strain)

Wt > atg7Δ (steady increase in R5P, S7P and SBP in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt > bcyΔ (steady increase in R5P, S7P and SBP in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt > snfΔ (steady increase in S7P and SBP in Wildtype than atg7Δ, transient increase in R5P levels in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt > pnp1Δ (steady increase in R5P, S7P, SBP in Wildtype than pnp1Δ)
Wt > urh1Δ (steady increase R5P, S7P, SBP in Wildtype than urh1Δ)
  • Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate (S7P) and Sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphate (SBP) species (Intracellular concentration (uM))

Wt > tkl1Δ/tkl2Δ (steady increase in S7P and SBP in Wildtype than tkl1Δ/tkl2Δ strain)
Nitrogen Starvation:
  • Nucleosides, nucleobases sedoheptulose species (ratio of metabolite levels in deleted/Wt strain)

Wt > atg7Δ (transient increase in inosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine, hypoxanthine, guanine and uracil levels in Wildtype than atg7Δ)
Wt = atg7Δ (comparable levels of adenosine and guanine between the two groups)
Phosphate Starvation
  • Nucleosides, nucleobases (ratio of metabolite levels in deleted/Wt strain)

Wt = atg7Δ (comparable levels of adenosine, inosine, guanosine, uridine, cytidine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine and uracil between the two groups)
[49] 5′AMP, 5′GMP, 5′CMP, 5′UMP, 3′AMP, 3′GMP, 3′UMP, Adenosine, Guanosine, Cytidine, Uridine, inosine, adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uracil. Carbon Starvation
  • Nucleosides: adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine (relative intensity)

Wt > atg2Δ (high levels of nucleosides (except for adenosine) in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
Nitrogen Starvation
  • Intracellular Nucleosides: adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine (µM)

Wt > atg2Δ (transient increase in adenosine, guanosine, cytidine levels in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
Wt > atg2Δ (steady increase in inosine and uridine in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
  • Intracellular Nucleobases: adenine, hypoxanthine, guanine, xanthine, uracil (µM)

Wt > atg2Δ (transient increase in adenosine, guanosine, cytidine levels in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
Wt > atg2Δ (steady increase in inosine and uridine in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
  • Extracellular Nucleosides: inosine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine (µM)

Wt > atg2Δ (steady increase in inosine, guanosine, cytidine, and uridine in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
  • Extracellular Nucleobases: xanthine, uracil (µM)

Wt > atg2Δ (steady increase in xanthine and uracil in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
  • Relative intensity levels of 3′AMP, 3′GMP, 3′UMP

Wt > atg2Δ (Diminished levels of 3′AMP, 3′GMP and 3′UMP in atg2Δ strain than in Wildtype)
Wt > rny1Δ (Diminished levels of 3′AMP, 3′GMP and 3′UMP in atg2Δ strain than in Wildtype)
  • Relative intensity (Nucleosides and nucleobases) levels of guanosine, inosine, guanine, xanthine, cytidine, uridine, uracil

Wt > atg2Δ (high levels of guanosine, inosine, guanine, xanthine, cytidine, uridine, uracil in Wildtype than atg2Δ)
Wt < pnp1Δ (high levels of guanosine, inosine, cytidine, and uridine in pnp1Δ strain than in Wildtype)
Wt = pnp1Δ (comparable levels of xanthine, guanine and uracil in pnp1Δ strain than in Wildtype)
Wt < urh1Δ (high levels of cytidine and uridine in urh1Δ strain than in Wildtype)
Wt < urh1Δ (high levels of uracil in Wildtype than in urh1Δ)
Wt > atg7Δ & atg17Δ (high levels of adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine in Wildtype than in atg7Δ & atg17Δ)
Wt = atg19Δ, atg32Δ, NVJ1Δ, atg11Δ (comparable levels of adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine)
[32] Exploratory (Untargeted) Glucose Starvation
  • ATP, Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), Ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), glutamate, sedoheptulose-7-guanine, phosphoenolpyruvate UDP-hexose

Wt > cbp2Δ (High levels of ATP, Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), Ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), glutamate, sedoheptulose-7-guanine, phosphoenolpyruvate UDP-hexose in Wildtype than in cbp2Δ
  • Aspartate and glutamate

Wt > cbp2Δ (High levels of aspartate and glutamate in Wildtype than in cbp2Δ)
  • Acute Glucose Starvation: Hexose, Hexose-Phosphate, Pentose, NADH (sub-minute levels)

Non-Starved Wt > Starved Wt (High levels of pentose phosphate, ribose phosphates and pentose in non-starved Wildtype than starved Wildtype)
  • Acute Glucose Starvation: ATP, AMP (sub-minute)

Non-Starved Wt > starved Wt cells (ATP)
Starved Wt > non-starved Wt cells (AMP)
  • Lipid Profiling Polyketides, Dolichols

Starved Wt > non-starved Wt cells (High levels of Polyketides dan Dolichols in starved Wildtype than non-starved
  • %ATP

Wt = atg14Δ
Wt > pot1Δ
Wt > atg2Δ
Wt > atg2Δpot1Δ
[14] Arginine, histidine, proline, methionine, isoleucine,
(ratio of leucine/isoleucine), valine, serine, (ratio of threonine/histidine)
phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, glutamine, glutamate, asparagine, aspartate, fructose-bisphosphate (FBP), 2/3-phosphoglycerate (2/3-PG), pyruvate, citrate, alpha-ketoglutarate (a-KG), succinate, fumarate, malate
Nitrogen starvation
  • Amino acids, intermediates of glycolysis, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (intracellular concentration (uM))

Wt = atg1Δ (comparable levels, however, aspartate, glutamate, glutamine, valine, and alpha-ketoglutarate were found to be slightly higher abundance in Wt than atg1Δ)
  • Aspartate and Glutamate (relative abundance)

Wt > atg1Δ, atg6Δ, atg9Δ, atg15Δ, ypt7Δ, pep4prb1Δ
Wt = atg19Δ, atg32Δ, NVJ1Δ
Wt > gdh1Δgdh3Δglt1Δ > atg1Δ (triple deletion reduces Glu and Asp by 50%)
Wt > glt1Δ > atg1Δ
Wt > aat2Δ (aspartate levels completely abolished)