Table 3.
Risk factors for 90-day mortality.
| Survivors (n = 185) |
Non-Survivors (n = 25) |
Univariate Hazards Ratio (95% CI) |
p-Value | Multivariate Hazards Ratio (95% CI) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age in years
mean (SD) |
49.9 (1.33) | 60.8 (3.37) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 0.007 | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) | 0.009 |
| Male Sex | 71.4 (132/185) | 68.0 (17/25) | 0.85 (0.35–2.10) | 0.729 | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 90.6 (154/170) | 86.4 (19/22) | Reference | |||
| Black | 3.5 (6/170) | 9.1 (2/22) | 2.71 (0.63–11.62) | 0.181 | ||
| Asian | 4.7 (8/170) | 0 | - | |||
| American Indian | 1.2 (2/170) | 4.6 (1/22) | 3.19 (0.43–23.83) | 0.259 | ||
| Hispanic | 2.6 (4/156) | 5.9 (1/17) | 2.26 (0.29–16.53) | 0.447 | ||
| Asthma/COPD | 9.7 (18/185) | 4.0 (1/25) | 0.39 (0.49–3.03) | 0.366 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | ||||||
| All | 23.2 (43/185) | 20.0 (5/25) | 0.83 (0.29–2.33) | 0.717 | ||
| Insulin-Dependent | 8.7 (16/185) | 12.0 (3/25) | 1.44 (0.39–5.34) | 0.585 | ||
| Renal Failure | 5.9 (10/169) | 20.0 (5/25) | 3.98 (1.23–12.81) | 0.021 | 2.51 (0.70–8.92) | 0.156 |
| Obesity | 33.7 (57/169) | 34.8 (8/23) | 1.05 (0.42–2.63) | 0.920 | ||
| Extrapulmonary Disease | 26.5 (49/185) | 12.0 (3/25) | 0.38 (0.11–1.32) | 0.128 | ||
| Corticosteroid Treatment | 7.0 (13/185) | 8.0 (2/25) | 1.15 (0.24–5.43) | 0.859 | ||
| Pharmacologic Immunosuppression | 17.8 (33/185) | 24.0 (6/25) | 1.45 (0.54–3.92) | 0.459 | ||
| Solid Organ Transplant | 7.0 (13/185) | 12.0 (3/25) | 1.80 (0.48–6.83) | 0.385 | ||
| Neutrophilia 1 | 47.8 (75/157) | 66.7 (16/24) | 2.19 (0.88–5.40) | 0.090 | 2.84 (1.04–7.76) | 0.041 |
| Lymphopenia 2 | 29.9 (47/157) | 70.8 (17/24) | 5.68 (2.21–14.61) | <0.001 | 4.50 (1.67–12.11) | 0.003 |
Data on survivors and non-survivors are presented as percentages (absolute numbers shown in parentheses), unless otherwise indicated. CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 1 Neutrophil count ≥ 7.5 × 103cells/microL. 2 Lymphocyte count < 1.0 × 103 cells/microL.