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. 2021 Oct 20;11(11):1112. doi: 10.3390/life11111112

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Scheme of RITRACKS calculations and the definition of direct/indirect contributions (a) and RITRACKS results for an irradiation of a volume by 25 MeV/n carbon ions, without (b) and with (c) PBCs. Using PBCs, it is possible for a delta electron to leave the volume many times; if it is the case, it will reenter as many times as necessary for all its energy to be spent deposited in the simulated volume.