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. 2021 Nov 16;11(11):3083. doi: 10.3390/nano11113083

Figure 11.

Figure 11

Advanced functionalities and electric field (EF) switchable behavior of polypyrrole functionalized silicon surface: (A) Time-dependent behavior of water droplets (deionized water or ions containing water) on the sample surface with and without application of EF; (B) repeated cycles (EF on/off) of electro-induced surface transition from a superhydrophobic state to a hydrophilic one (surface activation/regeneration); (C,D) photography of the samples immersed in water before and after application of EF triggering; (E) time-dependent water droplets slipping along the slightly tilted (5°) sample surface; (F) example of self-cleaning test on the pristine (or regenerated) sample surface. Reprinted with permission from ref. [142]. Copyright 2019 Wiley.