Table 2.

Unadjusted Associations Between Participant Demographics, Control Variables, and Preventive Health Services Delays

Characteristic	Type of Preventive Health Screening Delay
	n or mean ± SD	Routine Check-up		X² p-value	Blood Pressure Screening		X² p-value	Cholesterol Screening		X² p-value
	n or mean ± SD	OR	95% CI	X² p-value	OR	95% CI	X² p-value	OR	95% CI	X² p-value
Age				<.0001			<.0001			<.0001
20–29	272	Referent			Referent			Referent
30–39	180	0.62	(0.42, 0.92)		0.70	(0.46, 1.06)		0.66	(0.41,1.06)
≥40	158	0.27	(0.17, 0.43)		0.22	(0.13, 0.39)		0.18	(0.09, 0.37)
Education				0.10			0.00			0.01
College, graduate, or professional degree	193	0.67	(0.43, 1.02)		0.48	(0.29, 0.77)		0.47	(0.27, 0.80)
Some College	226	0.98	(0.65, 1.46)		0.90	(0.58, 1.36)		0.53	(0.32, 0.88)
High School or less	181	Referent			Referent			Referent
Employment Status				0.15			0.04			0.01
Employed	501	0.73	(0.47, 1.12)		0.62	(0.39, 0.98)		0.49	(0.29, 0.81)
Annual Income				<.0001			<.0001			<.0001
≥$40,000	182	0.41	(0.27. 0.64)		0.30	(0.18, 0.49)		0.28	(0.15, 0.50)
$20,000–39,000	186	0.90	(0.59, 1.35)		0.65	(0.42, 1.01)		0.53	(0.32, 0.88)
<$20,000	194	Referent			Referent			Referent
Region				0.04			0.04			0.00
North	15	0.79	(0.24, 2.68)		0.24	(0.31, 1.99)		0.29	(0.36, 2.30)
Midwest	40	2.41	(1.15, 5.08)		1.37	(0.59, 3.16)		0.00^a	—
South	449	1.65	(1.04, 2.59)		1.62	(0.97, 2.69)		1.02	(0.60, 1.74)
West	105	Referent			Referent			Referent
Marital Status				<.0001			<.0001			0.00
Unmarried	426	2.11	(1.43, 3.11)		2.62	(1.65, 4.17)		2.40	(1.38, 4.20)
Health Insurance Status				<.0001			<.0001			<.0001
Uninsured	227	2.84	(1.93, 4.18)		3.87	(2.57, 5.82)		3.24	(2.03, 5.18)
Usual Source of Care				<.0001			<.0001			<.0001
No Usual Source of Care	242	5.79	(4.00, 8.37)		5.21	(3.50, 7.78)		3.91	(2.43, 6.29)
Self-Rated Health Status				0.19			0.27			0.56
Excellent	166	0.57	(0.27, 1.21)		0.75	(0.35, 1.62)		1.17	(0.47, 2.93)
Very good	241	0.65	(0.32, 1.34)		0.55	(0.26, 1.18)		0.85	(0.35, 2.07)
Good	153	0.88	(0.42, 1.86)		0.55	(0.25, 1.22)		0.80	(0.31, 2.05)
Fair or poor	37	Referent			Referent			Referent
Has been diagnosed with Hypertension	118	0.77	(0.50, 1.18)	0.22	0.50	(0.31, 0.85)	0.01	0.47	(0.25, 0.89)	0.01
Has been diagnosed with Coronary Heart Disease	12	0.72	(0.21, 2.41)	0.59	1.77	(0.56, 5.67)	0.34	1.40	(0.50, 3.92)	0.53
Has been diagnosed with Any Heart Condition	22	0.44	(0.16, 1.21)	0.09	0.97	(0.37, 2.55)	0.95	0.90	(0.19, 4.15)	0.89
Depressive Symptoms (CES-D Score)^*	10.87 ± 5.9	1.08	(1.05, 1.12)	<.0001	1.13	(1.09, 1.17)	<.0001	1.05	(1.01, 1.09)	0.01

Note. CI = Confidence Interval; SD= Standard Deviation; OR= Odds Ratio; CES-D= Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.

Average of 12-items on a 4-point likert scale. Higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms.

Routine check-up delay = No routine check-up in the past year; Blood pressure screening delay = No blood pressure screening in the past year; Cholesterol screening delay = No cholesterol screening in the past five years.

No cases of cholesterol screening delays were recorded in this region; if one case of cholesterol screening delays was detected, the OR would be 0.10 CI (.01, .79)