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. 2021 Nov 11;7(11):958. doi: 10.3390/jof7110958

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of virus infection on extracellular laccase (ecLAC) activity of four Cryphonectria parasitica isolates when grown on liquid media (A) potato dextrose broth and (B) malt extract. Results are represented as mean virus effect (VE) value (difference between each triplicate measurement of HV isolat’ LAC activity and the mean of the corresponding isogenic VIR isolate LAC activity, given as a percentage of the performances of the VIR isolate) ± standard error. An asterisk (*) denotes virus-infected cultures with ecLAC values significantly different from the corresponding VIR fungal isolate. Letters denote statistical differences between different virus strains infecting the same fungal isolate at p < 0.05. NA = not applicable to the statistical comparison of virus strains due to only one fungus/virus combination. VE in (B) for all L14 isolates, D7/HK27 and D7/SHE30 equaled zero, as in both VIR and HV fungi the smLAC activity equaled zero.