Table 7.

The advantages and disadvantages of each reinforcement method.

Methods	Advantages	Disadvantages
Short Fiber Reinforcement (SFR)	i.Simple, as it is based on a filament reinforcement method; ii.Easy to control filler contents during the filament extrusion process.	i.Inconsistent filament size; ii.Nozzle clogging. iii.Non-uniform volume fraction and sizes of the particle over the polymer matrix.
Continuous Fiber Reinforcement (CFR)	i.The extrusion process is not required; ii.The printed parts have uniform properties.	i.The extruder and nozzle modifications are required. ii.Fiber breakage during the printing process.
Powder Addition Reinforcement (PAR)	i.Simple, as it is based on a filament reinforcement method; ii.Easy to control filler contents during the filament extrusion process.	i.Inconsistent filament size; ii.Nozzle clogging; iii.Non-uniform volume fraction and sizes of the particle over the polymer matrix.
Vibration-Assisted FFF	i.Easy to control without having to change G-Code used for the printing process; ii.No special equipment is required.	i.The stepper motors used in FFF printers are easily damaged; ii.Wavy and inconsistent printed parts; iii.The dimensions of the printed part could be slightly distorted due to the design.
Annealing	i.A simple post-processing technique; ii.Uniform cooling.	i.Changes in the chemical and thermal properties of printed parts are possible.