Figure 3.

Resveratrol inhibited TNF-α-induced NF-κB signaling in HUVECs. (A) The cells were pretreated with 1 μm of resveratrol (R) for 1 h prior to the addition of TNF-α (T, 10 ng/mL) for 15 min in the continued presence or absence of resveratrol. Nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit was visualized by immunofluorescence staining of ECs. Representative immunofluorescence fields show NF-κB p65 (green), nucleic acid with DAPI (blue), and overlay. (B) The nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of p65 were quantified using a scoring system as described in Materials and Methods. *, p < 0.05 vs. control; #, p < 0.05 vs. TNF-α-alone-treated group.