Table 4.
Compositional requirements of young child formula for young children aged 12–36 months proposed by an International Expert Group co-ordinated by the Nutrition Association of Thailand and the Early Nutrition Academy. Modified from [21].
| Component | Minimum | Maximum | Guidance Upper Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Energy, kcal/100 mL | 45 | 70 | |
| Proteins g/100 kcal | |||
| Cow’s milk protein, g/100 kcal | 1.6 | 2.7 | |
| Soy protein isolate, g/100 kcal | 2 | 2.7 | |
| Fats | |||
| Total fat. g/100 kcal | 4.4 | 6.0 | |
| Linoleic acid, mg/100 kcal | 500 | NS | |
| Alpha-linolenic acid, mg/100 kcal | 50 | NS | |
| Trans fatty acids, % of fat | NS | 2 | |
| DHA 1, % of fat | 0.3 | NS | |
| Carbohydrates | |||
| Total carbohydrates, g/100 kcal | 9 | 14 | |
| Vitamins | |||
| Vitamin A 2, mcg RE/100 kcal | 60 | 180 | |
| Vitamin D, mcg/100 kcal | 1.5 | 4.5 | |
| Vitamin B12, mcg/100 kcal | 0.15 | 0.75 | |
| Folic acid, mcg/100 kcal | 20 | 100 | |
| Vitamin C, mg/100 kcal | 4.5 | 22.5 | |
| Minerals and trace elements | |||
| Iron 3 (formula based on cow’s milk protein), mg/100 kcal | 1 | 3 | |
| Iron (formula based on soy protein isolates), mg/100 kcal | NS | NS | |
| Calcium, mg/100 kcal | 200 | NS | |
| Sodium, mg/100 kcal | 25 | 75 | |
| Iodine, mcg/100 kcal | 12 | 36 | |
| Zinc, mg/100 kcal | 0.6 | 1.8 |
NS, Not specified; DHA, Docosahexaenoic acid. 1 The addition of DHA is optional. 2 1 mcg RE (retinol equivalent) = 1 mcg all-trans retinol = 3.33 IU vitamin A. Retinol contents shall be provided by preformed retinol, while any contents of carotenoids should not be included in the calculation and declaration of vitamin A activity. 3 The bioavailability is approximately 10%.