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. 2021 Oct 22;13(11):3727. doi: 10.3390/nu13113727

Table 7.

Group differences for five hormones resulting from timing of meals and exercise.

Hormones Treatment Time Interaction Slices (Times) Significant at >0.05
PTH F(df = 4,35) = 3.13, p = 0.0267 F(df = 14,490) = 19.02, p < 0.0001 F(df = 56,490) = 2.12, p < 0.0001 09:00, 10:00; 11:00; 13:00; 17:00; 20:00 h.
GH NS F(df = 14,488) = 13.07, p < 0.0001 F(df = 56,490) = 3.10
p < 0.0001
08:20; 08:40; 9:00; 15:20; 15:40; 16:00 h.
Leptin NS F(df = 14,490) = 3.65,
p = 0.0036
NS 17:00; 20:00 h
Insulin NS F(df = 14,490) =162.5,
p < 0.0001
F(df = 56,490) = 3.17,
p < 0.0001
09:00; 15:00 h; 20:00; 22:00 h
Cortisol NS F(df = 14,490) = 29.13, p < 0.0001 F(df = 56,490) = 1.50,
p = 0.0137
08:20; 08:40; 9:00;
17:00; 20:00; 22:00 h.
Calcium, total (percent) NS F(df = 14,490) = 14.10,
p < 0.0001
F(df =56,490) = 2.06,
p < 0.0001
08:20, 10:00; 15:20 h.