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. 2021 Nov 16;10(11):3189. doi: 10.3390/cells10113189

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Mechanism of regulation of macrophage polarization by mesenchymal stem cells by stimulating them at the site of SCI, which could produce soluble proteins of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), interleukin 4 (IL-4), interleukin 13 (IL-13), sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 9 (ED-Siglec-9), and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) [42].