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. 2021 Nov 13;13(11):802. doi: 10.3390/toxins13110802

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Reprogramming of hepatic gene expression after OTA treatment. (a) Heatmap for clustering analysis of genes in the livers of control and OTA-treated mice. (b) KEGG analysis showing top 15 enriched pathways in OTA-treated livers with p < 0.05. (c) Results of GSEA showed PPAR signaling pathway were differentially enriched upon OTA treatment. (d) Heatmaps of hepatic RNA-seq raw gene counts for PPAR signaling pathway. (e) Examination of top upregulated genes associated with lipid metabolism in livers of control and OTA-treated mice (n = 12 in each group) by qPCR. (f) Examination of top upregulated genes associated with lipid metabolism in HepG2 cells by qPCR (n = 6 biological replicates). Data shown as the mean ± S.E.M. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001.