Table 4.

Reference values (RV95, P95 (95% CI)) for BPA in urine of Italian children (4–14 years old) according to sex and to the residing area/macro-area, excluding subjects with daily intake ≥1 µg//kg bw per day.

Category	Sub-Category (a)	Sub-Category (b)	N	RV95 (µg/L)
Total			855	24.06 (20.29–27.93)
Macro-area	North		284	22.82 (19.35–30.04)
	Centre		286	21.76 (17.16–31.48)
	South		285	27.88 (21.53–32.44)
Area	Rural		444	21.82 (17.56–28.56)
	Urban		411	25.74 (22.18–30.83)
Age class	4–6 yrs		290	29.07 (22.31–32.68)
	7–10 yrs		283	22.61 (18.51–29.01)
	11–14 yrs		282	23.71 (18.94–26.71)
Sex	Boys		428	23.56 (19.65–30.64)
	Girls		427	24.79 (20.91–28.74)
Macro-area/Area	North	Rural	150	19.31 (15.72–25.24)
		Urban	134	27.42 (21.88–33.06)
	Centre	Rural	147	23.59 (15.74–32.39)
		Urban	139	22.19 (17.80–34.05)
	South	Rural	147	27.89 (17.54–34.99)
		Urban	138	28.01 (20.63–32.87)
Macro-area/sex	North	Boys	143	22.26 (19.28–31.89)
		Girls	141	23.02 (17.84–30.78)
	Centre	Boys	144	25.76 (16.44–33.84)
		Girls	142	20.71 (16.00–32.49)
	South	Boys	141	24.32 (17.94–32.53)
		Girls	144	28.79 (22.52–35.12)
Macro-area/age	North	4–6 yrs	97	26.70 (22.10–32.81)
		7–10 yrs	93	25.32 (18.23–34.93)
		11–14 yrs	94	19.19 (16.80–24.99)
	Centre	4–6 yrs	97	31.22 (16.02–39.19)
		7–10 yrs	95	18.86 (14.00–32.83)
		11–14 yrs	94	26.13 (15.07–37.14)
	South	4–6 yrs	96	30.09 (19.73–36.68)
		7–10 yrs	95	27.67 (17.47–34.96)
		11–14 yrs	94	26.96 (19.72–37.75)