Table 3.
Characteristics of the participants with OSA according to their smoking habits.
| Smokers (Ν = 802, 29.3%) |
Former Smokers (Ν = 959, 35.1%) |
Non-Smokers (N = 886, 32.4%) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54.4 ± 11 | 62.1 ± 11 | 59.5 ± 13 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 34.2 ± 8.2 | 34.2 ± 8.6 | 33.1 ± 9.5 | 0.01 |
| Neck circumference, cm | 43 ± 6.8 | 43.3 ± 6.5 | 41.6 ± 5.8 | <0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 116 ± 18.1 | 118 ± 15.6 | 114 ± 16.5 | 0.006 |
| AHI (events/h) | 44.2 ± 22.4 | 43.1 ± 21.1 | 41.7 ± 20 | 0.048 |
| ODI (events/h) | 43.4 ± 22.7 | 42.09 ± 22.4 | 40.9 ± 21.08 | 0.047 |
| ESS | 9.9 ± 4.67 | 10.26 ± 4.5 | 10.1 ± 4.6 | 0.42 |
| AIS | 9.24 ± 5.2 | 9.1 ± 5.7 | 9.37 ± 5.47 | 0.66 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 307 (38.3) | 472 (49.2) | 424 (47.8) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 75 (9.3) | 189 (19.7) | 64 (7.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 121 (15.1) | 217 (22.6) | 146 (16.5) | <0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction, n (%) | 24 (3) | 51 (5.3) | 12 (1.35) | 0.9 |
| Stroke, n (%) | 27 (3.4) | 31 (3.2) | 26 (2.9) | 0.8 |
OSA: obstructive sleep apnea syndrome; BMI: body mass index; AHI: Apnea-Hypopnea Index; ODI: Oxygen Desaturation Index; ESS: Epworth sleepiness scale; AIS: Athens Insomnia Scale.