Table 1.

Cellulosic polymer structure, properties, and application.

Cellulosic Polymer	Structure/Modification	Properties	Application	Ref
Cellulose		Sustainable natural polymer, good mechanical properties	Viscosity enhancer, water binding ability, adhesiveness	[111]
HPMC		Biodegradable, biocompatible material, transparency, and rheological properties	Improve bioavailability and efficacy, prolonged retention.	[124]
CMC	R=H, CH3, CH3CH(OH)CH2	Biocompatible, biodegradable, non-toxic and water-soluble	Synergistic effects for dry eye with less blur vision and stickiness when blinking.	[125]
MC		Water-soluble, non-toxic, tasteless, and odorless, LCST polymer	Prolonged residence time, Bio adhesion.	[126]
EC		Linear, non-toxic, non-swellable polysaccharide, insoluble in water	Enhanced corneal resistance time, extended or control release, retard drug release	[127]
HEC		Biocompatible, biodegradable, hydrophilic, low toxic, and non-immunogenic	Sustained release and improve ocular performance	[128]
HPC		Highly plastic and hydrophobic compare to other cellulose ether derivatives	Increases the ocular residence time of drug	[129]
CA		Non-toxic, non-irritant, and biodegradable polymer, it’s heat resistant and less hygroscopic	Sustain the release, prolong the residence time of the drug	[130]
CAP		Hygroscopic to moisture and dissolve in GI fluid	Prolonge residence time and control permeation of drug	[105]