Table 6.
The Panel's conclusions on the pest categorisation criteria defined in Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 on protective measures against pests of plants (the number of the relevant sections of the pest categorisation is shown in brackets in the first column)
| Criterion of pest categorisation | Panel's conclusions against criterion in Regulation (EU) 2016/2031 regarding Union quarantine pest | Key uncertainties |
|---|---|---|
| Identity of the pest (Section 3.1 ) | The identity of the species is established and C. pini (Kuwana) is the accepted name | |
| Absence/presence of the pest in the EU (Section 3.2 ) | C. pini is present in the EU where it has a restricted distribution in northern Italy (Emilia‐Romagna) | |
| Regulatory status (Section 3.3 ) | C. pini is not regulated in EU plant health legislation. It is under official control in Italy | None |
| Pest potential for entry, establishment and spread in the EU (Section 3.4 ) | Adult and immature C. pini may enter the EU with imported plants for planting. The host genera, Abies, Larix and Pinus, are mostly prohibited (except for Monaco). Keteleeria is subject to special requirements as it belongs to the order Pinales. Biotic factors (host availability) and abiotic factors (climate suitability) suggest that most of the EU would be suitable for establishment. The pest is a free‐living organism and could spread within the EU, facilitated by movement of host plants in trade | There is a single report from 2006 of C. pini in Monaco. Its current status is unknown, leading to uncertainty whether the pest could enter the EU from Monaco. |
| Potential for consequences in the EU (Section 3.5 ) | Adults and nymphs are harmful to Pinus species and economic and environmental impacts would be expected if C. pini spreads in the EU. | The significance of Abies, Larix and Keteleeria as hosts is unclear. It is not known if other important Pinus species present in the EU, such as P. sylvestris, are suitable hosts. The impact, if any, of C. pini in Monaco is unknown |
| Available measures (Section 3.6 ) | Plants of Abies, Larix and Pinus of C. pini are prohibited from third countries where the pest is known to be present (except Monaco). Additional options are available to reduce the likelihood of pest entry into and spread within the EU. | Effectiveness of insecticide treatments (EFSA PLH Panel, 2019) |
| Conclusion (Section 4 ) | C. pini satisfies all the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for it to be regarded as a potential Union quarantine pest. | None |
| Aspects of assessment to focus on/scenarios to address in future if appropriate: | Status of C. pini in Monaco and host range. | |