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. 2021 Oct 21;13(11):1757. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111757

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The preparation of GRDs and the mechanism of GRDs-based in vivo fluorescence/MR imaging-guided PDT and RT. GRDs showed unique absorption with a 7.7-fold fluorescence enhancement and 1.9-fold in singlet oxygen generation efficiency versus RB, which enables fluorescence imaging and PDT. Effective coordination between Gd ions and RB molecules led to GRDs with better T1-weighted MR imaging ability and enhanced radiotherapy. After the coordination, the GRDs showed good biocompatibility and could combine the PDT effect with radiosensitization under laser and X-ray irradiation, causing highly effective cancer cell death. Reproduced with the permission from Sun et al, Adv. Mater.; published by John Wiley and Sons, 2020.