Table 1.
Effect of ECM-based biomaterials on cardiovascular lineages.
| ECM | ECM-Based Biomaterials | Model | Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Advantages | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Collagen | COL I | Murine | Cardiomyocyte differentiation, maturation and contractile function | [90] |
| Collagen | ESC and iPSC/COL IV | In vitro | Differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSs) into cardiomyocytes of contractile function. | [91] |
| Collagen and Fibrin | COL 1/Fibrin | In vitro | Improved physical property, cardiac tissue compaction | [63] |
| Collagen and Elastin | COL 1/Elastin | In vitro | Enhanced elasticity, maturation of valve interstitial cells and valve ECs. | [65] |
| Fibrin | Fibrin | In vitro | Cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration | [92] |
| Collagen | COL 1/Growth factors/MatrigelTM | In vitro | Cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation | [93] |
| HA | HA | In vitro | Attenuates cardiac fibrosis and promote cardiac muscle tissue regeneration | [94,95] |
Abbreviations: ESC (embryonic stem cell); iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cell); COL 1 (collagen I); COL4 (collagen IV); EC (endothelial cell); HA (hyaluronic acid).