Table 5.
Cell-derived ECM strategies for engineering vascular grafts.
| Material | Treatment | Model | Vascular Graft Response | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PGA Scaffold | SMC | Bovine | Grafts exhibited goof vessel wall thickness, burst pressure, and collagen content. | [194,195] |
| PGA Scaffold | SMC | Canine | Grafts exhibited good long-term patency for 8–10 weeks. | [197] |
| PGA with Fibrinogen and Thrombin | SMC s and ECs derived from hiPSC | Porcine | Grafts exhibited endothelial differentiation. | [194,196] |
| PGA Scaffold | MSCs | In vitro | Grafts exhibited superior mechanical properties and cellular growth. | [198] |
| Fibrin Gel | Human fibroblast (hDFs) | Baboon | Grafts exhibited higher patency rates of >80%. | [196] |
Abbreviations: SMC (smooth muscle cells); EC (endothelial cells); hiPSC (human induced pluripotent stem cells); hDF (human dermal fibroblast); MSC (mesenchymal stem cells); PGA (polyglycolic acid).