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. 2021 Oct 21;10(11):2528. doi: 10.3390/foods10112528

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Main microbial components/metabolites affecting insulin signaling in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Abbreviations: TMA: trimethylamine; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; BCAAs: branched-chain amino acids; ImP: imidazole propionate; SCFA: short chain fatty acids; IgA: immunoglobulin A. (Get permission from BioRender. 18 October 2021).