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. 2021 Nov 13;10(11):3152. doi: 10.3390/cells10113152

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Figure 4

Figure 4

MiR 208a, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitochondrial markers. SV40 human cardiomyocytes were incubated in DMEM with 5 mM glucose, 25 mM glucose (high glucose, HG), or 20 µM bovine serum albumin (BSA)-bound palmitate (high palmitate, HP) for 24 h. (A) Mitochondrial biogenesis factors. TRA, thyroid hormone receptor A; TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A; NRF1, nuclear respiratory factor 1. (B) PGC1 α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ-coactivator α. (C) Mitochondrial DNA. Total DNA was subjected to quantitative real-time PCR using a designed primer for mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 4 (ND4). (D) Mitochondrial marker proteins. C I, II, III, and V, complexes I, II, III, and V. (E) CPT1, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1; LCAD, long-chain acylCoA dehydrogenase; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. The lower panels represent the densitometric analyses of specific proteins per GAPDH. Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05.