Table 1.
Participant demographics 1.
| Other Respiratory Infections (Not COVID-19) n = 11 |
COVID-19 Infections n = 22 |
Indeterminate n = 5 |
p Value 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± STDEV) | 55 ± 16 | 55 ± 15 | 57 ± 11 | 0.9249 |
| Sex (% female) | 8 (73%) | 11 (50%) | 3 (60%) | 0.2783 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.0 ± 2.9 | 25.0 ± 3.6 | 24.5 ± 2.3 | 0.4172 |
| Health Conditions (frequency) | ||||
| Asthma | 1 (9%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| COPD (including emphysema and chronic bronchitis) | 1 (9%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Other lung disease | 0 (0%) | 1 (5%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Diabetes | 0 (0%) | 3 (14%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Hypertension | 1 (9%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Heart disease | 0 (0%) | 2 (9%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Cancer | 2 (18%) | 2 (9%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Autoimmune condition | 1 (9%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Medications | ||||
| Number of medications (mean ± STDEV) | 1 ± 2 | 2 ± 2 | 1 ± 1 | 0.2049 |
| Symptoms (frequency) | ||||
| Cough | 6 (55%) | 13 (59%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Shortness of breath | 4 (36%) | 9 (41%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Chest pain | 3 (27%) | 9 (41%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Fever | 3 (27%) | 12 (55%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Feeling generally unwell | 9 (82%) | 21 (95%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Abnormally tired | 7 (64%) | 20 (91%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| New confusion | 4 (36%) | 1 (5%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| New generalized muscle aches and pains | 5 (45%) | 16 (73%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| New joint pain | 3 (27%) | 5 (23%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Earache/infection | 0 (0%) | 1 (5%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Headache | 6 (55%) | 14 (64%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Runny/stuffy nose | 7 (64%) | 7 (32%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Sinus pain | 2 (18%) | 4 (18%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Sore/scratchy throat | 7 (64%) | 10 (45%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Loss of appetite | 4 (36%) | 8 (36%) | 2 (40%) | - |
| Loss of taste/smell | 2 (18%) | 11 (50%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| Duration of Symptoms | ||||
| No symptoms—1 week | 4 (36%) | 3 (14%) | 1 (20%) | - |
| 2–4 weeks | 3 (27%) | 11 (50%) | 4 (80%) | - |
| 4 or more weeks | 4 (36%) | 8 (36%) | 0 | - |
| Diagnosis | ||||
| PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 performed |
0 (0%) | 15 (68%) | 0 (0%) | - |
| Told by a health care professional that they had SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 without a PCR test | 1 (8%) | 5 (25%) | 0 (0%) | - |
1 Statistical comparisons were made between ‘other respiratory infections’ and ‘COVID-19 infections’ groups only, since the ‘indeterminate’ group was not used in subsequent analyses. Student’s unpaired parametric t-test was used to compare age and BMI, which were normally distributed. Sex distribution was measured by Fisher’s exact test to analyze a 2 × 2 contingency table. Differences in the number of medications, which was not normally distributed, was measured using an unpaired non-parametric test not assuming Gaussian distribution.