Table 1.

Critical features of various AA- and protein-based nanocarriers.

Nanocarrier	Key Feature	Ref.
Glutathione-targeted nanocarriers	Codelivery platforms for targeted killing by inducing chemosensitivity.	[121]
Transferrin-linked polymeric nanocarriers	DOX release in the intravacuolar compartments following endocytosis, favoring better targeting efficiency against leukemia	[122]
Polydopamine-layered zein nanocarriers	Increased cellular uptake, ROS production, and induction of apoptosis in the glioma cells, approaching efficient therapy against GBM.	[123]
Poly-L-lysine-based SEDDS	Proficient targeting with eradication of Salmonella typhi and 100% survival.	[124]
Vancomycin-loaded thiolated nanocarriers	Effective targeted ocular delivery system against Staphylococcal blepharitis with improved retention time, sustained drug release, and targeted anti-inflammatory action.	[125]
Arginine-based nanocarriers	Decreased bacterial burden and increased survival because of synchronized antibacterial, targeted, and ROS cellular response against S. typhi.	[126]

DOX: doxorubicin; ROS: reactive oxygen species; GBM: glioblastoma multiforme; SEDDS: self-emulsifying drug delivery system.