Figure 2.

Dependence of the PAW-induced [Ca²⁺]_cyt elevation dynamics on the power of the plasma torch used to generate PAW. Ca²⁺ measurement assays were conducted in aequorin-expressing Arabidopsis seedlings. Seedlings were challenged with 1:2 dilutions of different PAWs, obtained after 5 min exposure of deionized H₂O to cold plasma generated under various torch #1 power conditions: 450 W (pale blue), 900 W (blue), and 1800 W (dark blue). (a) Data are the means (solid lines) ± SE (shading) of six seedlings derived from three independent growth replicates. The arrowhead indicates the time of stimulus application (at 100 s); (b) statistical analyses of integrated [Ca²⁺]_cyt dynamics over 30 min. Bars labelled with different letters differ significantly (p < 0.05, Student’s t test).