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General pattern of xanthophylls synthesis in microalgae. The implicated enzymes in each step of biochemical conversion are listed in red. Their corresponding genes are noted in parentheses. The microalgae Porphyridium sp. (orange border), Tetraselmis sp. (green border), Pleurochrysis (brown border) and Haemotococcus sp. (pink border) are presented as principal producers of β-carotene, lutein, fucoxanthin and ASX, respectively.
