Table 2.
Chemical composition of essential oils from Annonaceae species occurring in Brazil.
| Species | Collection Place | Collection Date | Part of Plant (Yield) |
Extraction Technique | Majority Constituents (% >5); Substance Classes; Total |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaxagorea Brevipes Benth | Amazonas | September 2009 | Leaves (0.52%) | HD | Guaiol, γ-eudesmol, β-eudesmol and α-eudesmol; M: 3.35%, SH: 13.56%; T: 75.69% | [51] |
| Annona coriacea Mart. | São Paulo | October 2009 | Leaves (0.05%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, γ-muurolene and δ-cadinene; M: 20.0%, S: 76.7%; O: 3.3%; T: 96.5% | [39] |
| A. exsucca DC. | Pará | March 2019 | Leaves (NI) | HD | Linalool, β-elemene, (E)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene; HM: 2.3%, OM: 11.61%, SH: 80.52%, OS: 4.07%; T: 99.34% | [52] |
| A. exsucca | Pará | September 2019 | Leaves (NI) | HD | p-Cymene, sylvestrene, terpinolene, linalool, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene; HM: 43.36%, OM: 19.39%, SH: 31.29%, OS: 5.10%; T: 99.14% | [52] |
| A. leptopetala (R.E.Fr.) H. Rainer | Paraíba | August 2016 | Leaves (0.04%) | HD | α-Limonene, linalool, α-terpineol, (E)-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol and guaiol; T: 98.1% | [42] |
| A. pickelii (Diels) H. Rainer | Sergipe | March 2010 | Leaves (0.2%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, (E)-caryophyllene, α-copaene and germacrene D; M: 0.6%, S: 97.7%; T: 98.3% | [43] |
| A. pickelii | Sergipe | September 2010 | Leaves (0.3%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, (E)-caryophyllene and α-copaene; T: 99.5% | [53] |
| A. salzmannii A. DC. | Sergipe | March 2010 | Leaves (0.1%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, (E)-caryophyllene, δ-cadinene, α-copaene, and allo-aromadendrene; M: 2.5%, S: 93.7%; T: 96.2% | [43] |
| A. salzmannii | Sergipe | September 2010 | Leaves (0.04%) | HD | δ-cadinene, (E)-caryophyllene, α-copaene, bicyclogermacrene and germacrene D; T: 98.7% | [53] |
| A. squamosa L. | Sergipe | September 2012 | Leaves | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene; M: 2.0%; S: 65.1%; T: 99.1% | [44] |
| A. sylvatica A. St.-Hil Anelise | Mato Grosso do Sul | September 2010 | Leaves (0.17%) | HD | Hinesol, (Z)-caryophyllene, β-malien, γ-gurjunene; T: 98.97% | [45] |
| A. vepretorum Mart. | Sergipe | April 2012 | Leaves (0.59%) | HD | α-Phellandrene, o-cymene, (E)-β-ocimene, bicyclogermacrene and spathulenol; M: 30.18%, S: 67.41%, T: 97.59% | [54] |
| A. vepretorum | Pernambuco | January 2012 | Leaves (0.09%) | HD | α-Pinene, limonene, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; T: 93.9% |
[3] |
| A. vepretorum | Pernambuco | April 2015 | Leaves (NI) | HD | Limonene, (E)-β-ocimene, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene | [55] |
| A. vepretorum | Sergipe | April 2010 | Leaves (NI) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol, α-phellandrene, α-pinene, (E)-β-ocimene, germacrene D and p-cymene; M: 29.2%, S: 68.9%; T: 98.1% | [56] |
| A. vepretorum | Sergipe | March 2012 | Leaves (0.76%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol and α-phellandrene; M: 34.0%; S: 65.1%; T: 99.1% | [44] |
| Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R.E. Fr. | Amazonas | June 2013 | Leaves (0.34%) | HD | α-trans-Bergamotene, β-bisabolene, spathulenol and β-copaen-4-α-ol; HM: 0.3%, OM: 1.0%, SH: 34.3%, OS: 49.5%, T: 95.0% | [49] |
| B. multiflora | Rondônia | July 2018 | Aerial parts (0.12%) | HD | cis-Linalool oxide (furanoid) and 1-epi-cubenol | [57] |
| B. pleiosperma Maas | Amazonas | NI | Leaves (0.28%) | HD | (E)-α-Bergamotene, (E)-β-farnesene and β-bisabolene; T: 87.64% | [58] |
| B. pleiosperma | Amazonas | NI | Barks (0.27%) | HD | β-Selinene, α-selinene, β-bisabolene and δ-cadinene; T: 97.11% | [58] |
| B. pleiosperma | Amazonas | NI | Twigs (0.25%) | HD | β-Bisabolene, (2Z,6Z)-farnesol and cryptomerone; T: 72.64% | [58] |
| Cardiopetalum calophyllum (Schltdl.) | Goiás | September 2014 | Flowers (NI) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, germacrene D and germacrene B; M: 0.51%, S: 70.11% | [59] |
| C. calophyllum | Goiás | December 2014 | Fruits (NI) | HD | Germacrene D, germacrene B and spathulenol; M: 0.55%, S: 73.29% | [59] |
| C. calophyllum | Goiás | March 2014 | Leaves (NI) | HD | Spathulenol, viridiflorol, (–)-isolongifolol acetate, and (Z,E)-farnesol; M: 0.43%, S: 66.04% | [59] |
| Duguetia furfuracea (A. St. -Hil.) Saff. | Minas Gerais | August 2016 | Stem bark (0.5%) | SD | Cyperene, α-gurjunene, bicyclogermacrene, 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene and (E)-asarone; T: 99.5% | [13] |
| D. furfuracea | Minas Gerais | August 2016 | Leaves (0.8%) | HD | Spathulenol and bicyclogermacrene | [60] |
| D. furfuracea | Minas Gerais | August 2016 | Underground parts (wood) (0.7%) | HD | (E)-Asarone, cyperene, 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene, bicyclogermacrene and α-gurjunene | [60] |
| D. furfuracea | Minas Gerais | August 2016 | Underground parts (trunk) (0.9%) | HD | (E)-Asarone and 2,4,5-trimethoxystyrene | [60] |
| D. lanceolata St. Hil. | Minas Gerais | April 2012 | Twigs (0.4%) | HD | β-Elemene, β-caryophyllene, β-selinene, δ-cadinene, caryophyllene oxide, humulene II epoxide, β-eudesmol and cadina-1,4-dien-3-ol; HM: 4.0%, OM: 3.8%, SH: 40.0%, OS: 44.9%; T: 92.9% | [61] |
| D. lanceolata | Minas Gerais | NI | Leaves (0.4%) | HD | α-Selinene, aristolochene, (E)-caryophyllene and (E)-calamenene | [60] |
| D. lanceolata | São Paulo | March 2012 | Leaves (0.3%) | HD |
trans-Muurola-4(14),5-diene, β-bisabolene, 3,4,5- trimethoxy-styrene and 2,4,5-trimethoxy-styrene |
[62] |
| D. lanceolata | Minas Gerais | NI | Barks (0.5%) | HD | β-elemene, caryophyllene oxide and β-selinene; HM: 1.6%, OM: 5.9%, SH: 31.9%, OS: 59.8%, H: 0.4%; T: 99.6% | [38] |
|
D. quitarensis Benth. |
Rondônia | June 2018 | Aerial parts (0.11%) | HD | 4-Heptanol, α-thujene, α-copaene, (E)-caryophyllene and germacrene D; M: 21.2%, OM: 2.5%, S: 37.8%, OS: 1.4%; T: 97.3% | [57] |
| D. gardneriana Mart. | Sergipe | November 2013 | Leaves (0.13%) | HD | β-Bisabolene and elemicin; S: 96.0%; T: 96.0% | [11] |
| Ephedranthus amazonicus R.E. Fr | Amazonas | September 2012 | Leaves (0.2%) | HD | Cyclosativene, α-muurolene, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide and humulene epoxide II; OM: 0.6%, SH: 20.8%, OS: 74.2%; T: 98.0% | [49] |
| Fusaea longifolia Saff | Rondônia | July 2018 | Aerial parts (0.18%) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, β-selinene, cis-β-guayene and (Z)-α-bisabolene; M: 0.1%, S: 85.6%, OS: 2.0%; T: 88.5% | [57] |
| Guatteria australis A. ST.-HIL. | Rio de Janeiro | February 2011 | Aerial parts (0.1%) | HD | β-Pinene, trans-pinocarveol, trans-verbenol, myrtenol, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; M: 14.45%, OM: 27.47%, S: 0.76%, OS: 51.89%; T: 94.26% | [63] |
| G. australis | São Paulo | NI | Leaves (0.16%) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, germacrene D and germacrene B; M: 17.24%, S: 79.40%; T: 96.64% | [64] |
| G. blepharophylla Mart. | Amazonas | September 2012 | Leaves (0.16%) | HD | Palustrol, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; SH: 6.4%, OS: 88.0%; O: 4.6%; T: 99.0% | [49] |
| G. blepharophylla | Amazonas | January 2008 | Leaves (0.3%) | HD | Caryophyllene oxide; M: 0.1%, S: 91.2%; T: 91.3% | [65] |
| G. elliptica R. E. Fries | São Paulo | NI | Leaves (0.11%) | HD | Spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; SH: 0.5%, OS: 99.5%; T: 100.0% | [9] |
| G. elliptica | São Paulo | NI | Leaves (0.21%) | HD | Spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide and β-copaen-α-ol; SH: 9.5%, OS: 91.5%, O: 0.5%; T: 100.0% | [9] |
| G. friesiana (W.A.Rodrigues) Erkens & Maas | Amazonas | NI | Leaves (1.17%) | HD | γ-Eudesmol, β-eudesmol and α-eudesmol; S: 93.0%; T: 93.0% | [66] |
| G. friesiana | Amazonas | January 2008 | Leaves (0.6%) | HD | β-Eudesmol, γ-eudesmol e α-eudesmol; S: 98.2%; T: 98.2% | [65] |
| G. hispida (R.E. Fries) | Amazonas | July 2008 | Leaves (0.5%) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene; M: 68.4%, S: 31.0%; T: 99.4% | [65] |
| G. latifolia (Mart.) R.E.Fr. | Rio de Janeiro | February 2011 | Aerial parts (0.1%) | HD | Spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; OM: 6.94%, S: 3.35%, OS: 64.46%; T: 73.24% | [63] |
| G. megalophylla Diels | Amazonas | September 2018 | Leaves (0.12%) | HD | δ-elemene, β-elemene, γ-muurolene, bicyclogermacrene and spathulenol; M: 1.41%, S: 87.30%; T: 88.71 | [67] |
|
G. pogonopus Mart. |
Sergipe | NI | Leaves (0.22%) | HD | Germacrene D, γ-amorphene and spathulenol; S: 88.4%; T: 88.4% | [66] |
| G. pogonopus | Sergipe | February 2012 | Leaves (0.28%) | HD | α-Pinene, β-pinene, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene and γ-patchoulene; M: 23.13%, S: 60.44%; T: 86.19% | [68] |
| G. punctata (Aubl.) R. A. Howard. | Rondônia | September 2018 | Aerial parts (0.39%) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, germacrene D, cis-β-guayene and (E)-nerolidol; HO: 2.8%; M: 0.6%; S: 56.8%; OS: 19.1%; T: 79.3% | [57] |
| G. sellowiana Schltdl | Rio de Janeiro | February 2011 | Aerial parts (0.1%) | HD | (Z)-β-Farnesene, β-bisabolene, cis-α-bisabolene, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; OM: 5.16%; S: 6.55%; OS: 78.28%; T: 89.99% | [63] |
| G. ferruginea A. St.-Hil. | Rio de Janeiro | February 2011 | Aerial parts (0.1%) | HD | trans-Pinocarveol, myrtenol, (E,E)-α-farnesene, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; M: 1.47%; OM: 24.54%; S: 1.91%; OS: 60.41%; T: 88.33% | [63] |
| Onychopetalum amazonicum R.E.Fr. | Amazonas | March 2015 | Leaves (0.18%) | HD | α-Copaene, (E)-caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, δ-cadinene, spathulenol and caryophyllene oxide; SH: 60.7%, OS: 27.1%; T: 87.8% | [69] |
| O. amazonicum | Amazonas | March 2015 | Trunk bark (0.37%) | HD | α-Gurjunene, allo-aromadendrene and α-epi-cadinol; SH: 56.9%; OS: 35.3%; T: 92.2% | [69] |
| O. amazonicum | Amazonas | March 2015 | Twigs (0.34%) | HD | α-Gurjunene, α-epi-cadinol and cyperotundone; SH: 27.5%; OS: 47.5%; T: 75.0% | [69] |
| O. periquino (Rusby) D.M. Johnson & N.A. Murray | Acre | March 2017 | Leaves (0.24%) | HD | β-elemene, β-selinene and spathulenol; SH: 78.86%; OS: 12.45%; T: 91.31% | [70] |
| Porcelia macrocarpa R.E. Fries | São Paulo | NI | Leaves | HD | Germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene and phytol; M: 0.39%; S: 76.0%; D: 7.3%; T: 84.0% | [71] |
| P. macrocarpa | São Paulo | November 2011 | Fruits | HD | Neril, geranil formate, γ-muurolene, δ-cadinene, dendrolasin, hexacosane; M: 44.8%; S: 37.1%; D: 0.51%; HC: 10.49%; O: 6.7%; T: 99.6% |
[71] |
| Unonopsis guatterioides (A.DC.) R.E.Fr | Mato Grosso do Sul | March 2005 | Leaves (0.15%) | HD | α-Copaene, β-elemene, (E)-caryophyllene, α-humulene, allo-aromadendrene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene and spathulenol | [72] |
| Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. | Amazonas | September 2012 | Leaves (0.25%) | HD | trans-Pinocarveol, α-campholenal, camphor, dihydrocarveol, verbenone and spathulenol; HM: 2.2%; OM: 52.3%; SH: 14.6%; OS: 29.5%; T: 98.6% | [49] |
| X. aromatica | Goiás | February 2015 | Leaves (0.1%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, spathulenol, globulol, cis-guaia-3,9-dien-11-ol and khusinol; OM: 2.74%, SH: 9.62%, OS: 71.25%, D: 1.2%, O: 13.15%; T: 97.96% | [73] |
| X. aromatica | Goiás | October 2014 | Flowers (0.2%) | HD | Bicyclogermacrene, 7-epi-α-eudesmol, khusinol, pentadecan-2-one and n-tricosane; OM: 3.44%; SH: 17.24%; OS: 51.7%; D: 6.88%, O: 20.67%; T: 99.93% | [73] |
| X. frutescens Aubl. | Paraíba | April 2010 | Leaves (NI) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, γ-cadinene, β-ocimene and cadin-4-en-10-ol; T: 90.20% | [74] |
| X. frutescens | Sergipe | April 2013 | Leaves (NI) | HD | (E)-β-Ocimene, β-elemene, (E)-caryophyllene, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene | [75] |
| X. frutescens | Sergipe | July 2011 | Leaves (1.0%) | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, bicyclogermacrene, germacrene D, δ-cadinene, viridiflorene and α-copaene; M: 0.41%; S: 96.10%; T: 96.51% |
[33] |
| X. laevigata (Mart.) R. E. Fries | Sergipe | NI | Leaves (1.4%) | HD | Germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, (E)-caryophyllene and germacrene B; T: 98.68% | [76] |
| X. laevigata | Sergipe | November 2012 | Fresh fruits (0.4%) | HD | α-Pinene, β-pinene and limonene; M: 95.0%; S: 4.6%; T: 99.6% | [77] |
| X. laevigata | Sergipe | April 2013 | Leaves | HD | (E)-Caryophyllene, γ-muurolene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, δ-cadinene and germacrene B | [75] |
| X. laevigata | Sergipe | April 2010 | Leaves (>1.0%) | HD | γ-Muurolene, δ-cadinene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, α-copaene and (E)-caryophyllene; M: 2.14%, S: 95.35%; T: 97.49% |
[34] |
| X. laevigata | Sergipe | March 2010 | Leaves (1.58%) | HD | Germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene and (E)-caryophyllene; M: 1.15%, S: 98.60%; T: 99.75% | [34] |
| X. laevigata | Sergipe | July 2010 | Leaves (>1.0%) | HD | Germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, (E)-caryophyllene and germacrene B; M: 7.28%, S: 91.18%; D: 0.22 T: 98.68% | [34] |
| X. langsdorffiana St.-Hil. & Tul. | Paraíba | July 2012 | Fresh fruits (0.03%) | HD | α-Pinene, camphene, D-limonene, caryophyllene oxide and esclarene; T: 100.0% | [12] |
| X. sericea A. St.-Hil. | Minas Gerais | September 2011 | Fruits (0.93%) | HD | Germacrene D, spathulenol and guaiol; M: 9.65%; S: 81.5%; D: 7.79%; O: 0.1%; T: 99.04% | [50] |
| X. sericea | Minas Gerais | July 2012 | Leaves (0.5%) | HD | α-Pinene, β-pinene, o-cymene and D-limonene | [78] |
SD: steam distillation; HD: hydrodistillation; HC: hydrocarbons; D: diterpenes; M: monoterpenes (hydrocarbons and oxygenates); S: sesquiterpenes (hydrocarbons and oxygenates); HM: hydrocarbon monoterpenes; OM: oxygenated monoterpenes; SH: sesquiterpene hydrocarbons; OS: oxygenated sesquiterpenes; O: other class; NI: not informed; T: total identified compounds.