Table 2.
Characteristics of blank CLs, α-pinene-CLs, blank DCLs, and α-pinene-DCLs prepared with Phospholipon 90H or Lipoid S100. The values of size in italic are those obtained after 3 months of storage at 4 °C.
| Size Distribution | Vesicle Characterization | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample | Population 1 | Population 2 | Population 3 | IR of PL (%) | IR of Chol (%) | EE of α-Pinene (%) |
LR of α-Pinene (%) |
Final PL:Chol: α-Pinene Molar Ratio |
||||
| % | Mean Size (nm) | % | Mean Size (µm) | % | Mean Size (µm) | |||||||
| Phospholipon 90H:Chol formulations | ||||||||||||
| Blank CLs | 87.7 ± 6.7 87.3 ± 6.5 |
150 ± 0.0 150 ± 0.0 |
12.3 ± 6.7 12.7 ± 6.5 |
6.2 ± 0.9 6.2 ± 0.5 |
- | - | 89.5 ± 6.3 | 75.9 ± 3.5 | - | - | 122:98:0 | |
| α-pinene-CLs | 84.3 ± 7.2 82.5 ± 11.6 |
140 ± 13.4 123 ± 25.4 |
15.7 ± 7.2 17.5 ± 11.6 |
7.7 ± 0.0 7.7 ± 0.0 |
- | - | 88.6 ± 6.0 | 76.3 ± 4.3 | 100.0 ± 0.0 | 0.2 ± 0.01 | 124:98:0.36 | |
| Blank DCLs | 72.3 ± 7.3 61.0 ± 5.8 |
140 ± 10.9 131 ± 0.0 |
27.7 ± 7.3 17.7 ± 1.3 |
6.1 ± 0.8 6.6 ± 0.2 |
- 21.3 ± 7.1 |
- 48.3 ± 4.8 |
66.5 ±3.9 | 41.1 ± 1.3 | - | - | 90:59:0 | |
| α-pinene-DCLs | 82.5 ± 1.9 74.3 ± 2.2 |
140 ± 10.9 115 ± 17.8 |
17.5 ± 1.9 10.8 ± 1.3 |
5.7 ± 0.4 5.8 ± 0.6 |
- 14.9 ± 2.0 |
- 83.5 ± 3.5 |
87.8 ± 3.8 | 63.2 ± 3.1 | 72.9 ± 6.8 | 0.2 ± 0.02 | 118:82:0.31 | |
| Lipoid S100:Chol formulations | ||||||||||||
| Blank CLs | 17.0 ± 1.4 14.2 ± 0.3 |
166 ± 33.3 172 ± 41.1 |
83.0 ± 1.4 85.8 ± 0.3 |
6.7 ± 0.0 8.4 ± 2.9 |
- | - | 95.9 ± 1.5 | 71.2 ± 5.4 | - | - | 119:92:0 | |
| α-pinene-CLs | - | - | 33.4 ± 5.3 12.3 ± 2.5 |
9.7 ± 0.7 10.6 ± 0.8 |
66.6 ± 5.3 87.6 ± 2.5 |
83.5 ± 8.7 84.8 ± 6.4 |
48.6 ± 2.4 | 66.4 ± 4.9 | 100.0 ± 0.0 | 22.9 ± 2.2 | 61:93:42 | |
| Blank DCLs | - | - | - | - | 100 ± 0.0 100 ± 0.0 |
26.1 ± 0.0 34.2 ± 4.7 |
83.1 ± 0.7 | 74.5 ± 1.7 | - | - | 103:100:0 | |
| α-pinene-DCLs | 34.0 ± 0.0 18.5 ± 2.2 |
131 ± 8.3 296 ± 9.7 |
66.0 ± 0.0 61.0 ± 2.0 |
6.8 ± 2.9 7.7 ± 1.9 |
- 20.5 ± 1.4 |
- 29.9 ± 1.8 |
89.2 ± 1.4 | 71.2 ± 1.3 | 100.0 ± 0.0 | 0.6 ± 0.02 | 111:92:1 | |
Chol: cholesterol; CLs: conventional liposomes; DCLs: drug-in-cyclodextrins-in-liposomes; EE: encapsulation efficiency; IR: incorporation rate; LR: loading rate; PL: phospholipids.