Table 6.
Components of the major RNA-based vaccine against COVID-19: characteristics of the mRNA or saRNA and antigen used and its delivery system composition.
| Vaccine Name | mRNA or saRNA Construct |
Antigen | Delivery Platform Composition | Diluent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| mRNA-1273 (Spikevax) | N1-methylpseudouridine Modified 5′ CAP1 structure (m7GpppNmN) Codon optimization (GC-enriched sequence) |
Full-length S protein with two proline substitutions (K986P and V987P) Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: MN908947.3) |
SM-102 Cholesterol DSPC PEG2000-DMG |
Sodium chloride |
| BNT162b2 | N1-methylpseudouridine Modified 5′ CAP1 structure Codon optimization |
Full-length S protein with two proline substitutions (K986P and V987P) Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: MN908947) |
ALC-0315 (proprietary to Acuitas) ALC-0159 DSPC Cholesterol |
Sodium chloride |
| CVnCoV | Modified 5′ CAP1 structure (m7GpppNmN) Codon optimization (GC-enriched sequence |
Full-length S protein with two proline substitutions (K986P and V987P) Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: YP_009724390.1) |
Cholesterol DSPC PEG-ylated lipid Ionizable lipid (undisclosed/proprietary to Acuitas) |
Sodium chloride |
| ARCT-021 (LUNAR-COV19) |
N1-methylpseudouridine Modified 5′ CAP1 structure (m7GpppNmN) Codon optimization Self-replicating replicon of VEEV |
Full-length, unmodified S protein Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: YP_009724390.1) |
Ionizable lipid (undisclosed) DSPC Cholesterol PEG2000-DMG |
Sodium chloride |
| COVAC1 (LNP-nCoVsaRNA) |
Modified 5′ CAP1 structure (m7GpppNmN) Self-replicating replicon of VEEV F318V amino acid substitution |
Full-length S protein with two proline substitutions (K986P and V987P) and GGGGSGGGGS linker Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: QHD43416.1) |
Ionizable cationic lipid (undisclosed) Phosphatidylcholine (undisclosed) Cholesterol PEG-lipid (undisclosed) |
Phosphate-buffered saline |
| ARCoV | Modified 5′ CAP1 structure (m7GpppNmN) Codon optimization |
RBD region of S protein Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: MN908947.3) |
Ionizable lipid (undisclosed/proprietary to Acuitas) DSPC Cholesterol PEG-lipid (undisclosed) |
Not reported |
| HDT-301 (LION/repRNA-CoV2S) |
Modified 5′ CAP1 structure Self-replicating replicon of VEEV |
Full-length, unmodified S protein Wuhan-Hu-1 (GenBank: MN908947.3) |
DOTAP Squalene Span 60 Polysorbate 80 oleic-acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles |
Sodium citrate buffer |
ALC-0159, 4-Hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane-6,1-diyl) bis(2-hexyldecanoate); ALC-0315, 4-Hydroxybutyl)azanediyl)bis(hexane-6,1-diyl) bis(2-hexyldecanoate); DOTAP, lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylam-monium-propane; DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-snglycero-3 phosphocholine; PEG2000-DMG, 1 monomethoxypolyethyleneglycol-2,3- dimyristylglycerol with polyethylene glycol of average molecular weight 2000; Span 60, sorbitan monostearate; VEEV, venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.