Table 1.
Study Population Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Controls (n = 195) |
AMD (n = 191) |
IAMD (n = 91) |
NVAMD (n = 100) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 71.9 ± 6.5 | 77.6 ± 7.3 * | 75.7 ± 7.5 * | 79.2 ± 6.8 *,† |
| Female, % | 63.6 | 64.4 | 63.0 | 65.0 |
| Smokers, % | 50.3 | 57.1 | 52.8 | 61.0 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.9 ± 5.0 | 26.5 ± 4.5 | 26.1 ± 4.8 | 26.8 ± 4.2 |
| Diabetes, % | 17.7 | 20.8 | 17.8 | 23.3 |
| Hypertension, % | 51.1 | 54.0 | 46.0 | 60.9 |
| Hyperlipidemia, % | 53.9 | 45.9 | 41.7 | 49.4 |
Age and BMI are presented as the mean ± standard deviation. Welch’s t-test was used to test for differences in age and BMI between groups: AMD patients versus controls, IAMD patients versus controls, NVAMD patients versus IAMD patients, and NVAMD patients versus controls. For all other characteristics, a chi-squared test was used to test for differences between groups. BMI: body mass index; AMD: age-related macular degeneration; IAMD: intermediate AMD; NVAMD: neovascular AMD. * Significantly different compared to controls (p < 0.05). † Significantly different compared to IAMD patients (p < 0.05).