| BTH | Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GWR | Geographically weighted regression |
| POP | Population |
| LPI | Largest patch index |
| PLADJ | Percentage of like adjacencies |
| LULC | Land use/land cover |
| RESDC | Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences |
| LISA | Local indicators of spatial association |
| OLS | Ordinary least squares |
| AIC | Akaike information criterion |
| VIF | Variance inflation factor |