. 2021 Oct 21;9(11):272. doi: 10.3390/toxics9110272

Table 2.

Studies developed in Mexico on biomarkers susceptibility in populations exposed to pesticides.

Year of Study/Location (State)	Biomarker	Exposed/Controls (n)	Result	Authors
1997/Morelos	TSH serum levels	49/31	Increment in TSH p = 0.05	Steenland et al. [33]
2005/Mexico City	Genetic PON1 polymorphism	Total 214	Frequencies of polymorphism PON1 -162A (0.21), -108C (0.45), 55L (0.84) and 192R (0.49)	Rojas-García et al. [64]
2008/Durango	Sperm quality	Total 52	OP exposure decreases sperm quality p < 0.05	Recio-Vega et al. [65]
2008/Yucatan	Susceptibility to OP toxicity and PON1Q192R	Total 54	Farmers with 192RR genotype were more susceptible	Pérez-Herrera et al. [42]
2009/Mexico	PON1 Q192R polymorphisms	Total 264	Correlation of risk having a baby with LBW and PON1 192RR genotype in floriculture mother	Moreno Banda et al. [66]
2009/Morelos	PON1 Q192R polymorphisms	Total 264		Moreno Banda et al. [66]
2009/Mexico	PON1 polymorphisms	Total 170	Significant association between the PON1₁₉₂ polymorphism and PON1 activity towards paraoxon and diazoxon	López-Flores et al. [67]
2009/Morelos	PON1 polymorphisms	Total 170		López-Flores et al. [67]
2010/Mexico	TSH serum levels	Total 136	Increment in TSH p = 0.001	Lacasaña et al. [68]
2010/Morelos	TSH serum levels	Total 136	Increment in TSH p = 0.001	Lacasaña et al. [68]
2010/Mexico	Tyroid function	Total 136	Association of OP and thyroid function in individuals with lower PON1 activity.	Lacasaña et al. [69]
2010/Morelos	Tyroid function	Total 136		Lacasaña et al. [69]
2010/Yucatan	PON1 polymorphisms	152/160	PON1 polymorphisms- relevant risk factors for offspring affected with SB	González-Herrera et al. [70]
2013/Mexico	PON1 polymorphisms	Total 264	maternal PON1 polymorphisms effect on miscarriage in exposed women	Blanco-Muñoz et al. [71]
2013/Morelos	PON1 polymorphisms	Total 264		Blanco-Muñoz et al. [71]
2016/Mexico	Thyroid hormones	Total 136	Positive associations: serum pesticides levels and thyroid hormones	Blanco-Muñoz et al. [72]
2016/Morelos	Thyroid hormones	Total 136		Blanco-Muñoz et al. [72]
2018/Nayarit	Antioxidante enzyme activities	Total 201	Glutathione peroxidase is involved in pesticide damage	Xotlanihua-Gervacio et al. [60]
2018/Yucatán	BuChE determination	27/26	No significant differences	Ruiz-Gamboa et al. [73]
2018/Sinaloa	Enzymatic activities	Total 49	Enzymatic activities altered by pesticides exposure	Galindo-Reyes and Alegria [74]
2019/Sonora	AChE activity	25/5	significant differences between exposed and control	Alvarado-Ibarra et al. [75]
2019/Mexico	PON1 polymorphisms	Total 381	Genotypes marginally associated with hypothyroxinemia	Torres Sánchez et al. [76]

OP—organophosphate pesticides.