Table 2.
The 3D scaffolds formed by ceramic matrix of MBGs and manufactured by rapid prototyping method.
| Scaffold Type | Organic Polymer (Binder Agent) | Scaffold Modification | Effects | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) MGHA | Hydroxy methylcellulose | Nano HA embedded and amine functionalization | Enhanced preosteoblast adhesion, proliferation and differentiation | [11] |
| MBG/PCL | PCL | PBS particles | Extra microporous Increase bioactivity and neovascularization |
[22] |
| Zoledronic acid loaded | Antiresorptive and avoids inflammatory response | [17] | ||
| (b) 4Zn-MBG * | PCL/Gelatine crosslinked GA | Osteostatin | Osteogenic | [20,47] |
| Osteostatin and MSCs | Significantly improved trabecular bone volume density from μCT | [20] | ||
| (a) MGHA | Hydroxy methylcelullose | Antibiotic loading (Levofloxacin) |
pH-dependent Levofloxacin release is able to inhibit the S. aureus growth and to destroy a preformed biofilm | [16] |
| GRIFMGLEVPVAVAN | PVA | Antibiotic loading (Levofloxacin, Rifanpicin, Vancomicin) |
Multidrug scaffolds release | [15] |
|
(b) X-MBG * X = Ce, Ga, Zn, Sr |
PCL and/or Gelatine crosslinked GA | Therapeutic ions | Osteogenic, angiogenic and antimicrobial | [10,19,21] |
| (b) 4Zn-MBG * | PCL/Gelatine crosslinked GA | Antibiotic loading (Levofloxacin, Rifanpicin, Vancomicin and Gentamicin) |
Eliminates Staphylococcus and Escherichia biofilms and inhibits bacteria growth in very short time periods | [19] |
(a) Organic polymer (binder agent) removed by thermal treatment at 700 °C or (b) polymer removal and posterior gelatine-crosslinked GA covering. * 4% ZnO enriched MBG.